What payments are due?
Payments for children can be one-time or monthly.
One-time ones include:
- benefits for early registration of a pregnant woman (up to 12 weeks of pregnancy);
- maternity benefits;
- child birth benefit.
Monthly payments for a child include:
- payments up to 1.5 years;
- compensation payment up to 3 years;
- allowance for children up to 1.5 years old for low-income families, the so-called Putin payments;
- benefits up to 18 years of age.
We will describe each type of benefit in more detail below. But first, a few nuances:
- Part of the payments is due only to employed women, for example, benefits for early registration in the antenatal clinic, maternity benefits (hereinafter referred to as Maternity benefits) and compensation payments for up to 3 years. All women receive the remaining benefits.
- But the size of the minimum benefits for working and non-working women differs, because for working women, payment up to 1.5 years is calculated depending on the average salary for the past 2 years, and for non-working women there is a minimum, which is indexed every year. Unemployed people will find out the amount of benefits from social security.
Example:
Valentina does not work, but her husband works, but receives a salary of 25,000 rubles. Let’s say they live in a region where the cost of living is 13,100 rubles. A family is considered low-income because their income, divided by the number of family members, does not provide a living wage in their region. Valentina will not receive benefits for early registration and benefits for B&R, but she will receive a lump sum benefit upon the birth of a baby.
Valentina is also entitled to benefits up to 1.5 years and up to 18 years, and since her family is considered low-income, then Putin’s payments.
When is the lump sum benefit paid?
The law allocates 6 months for the collection and provision of all documentation necessary for calculating assistance (the countdown begins from the day of birth of the baby). Accordingly, after the child reaches six months of age, it will be much more difficult, if not impossible, for you to receive such a payment.
Slow guardians will have to prove the seriousness of the reasons why they did not submit an application for financial assistance at the appropriate time. The benefits themselves become available after 10 days, after submitting the necessary documents.
Next, the money is transferred to the company’s account or directly to the salary card of one of the spouses. In circumstances where assistance is received through the USZN, funds are received either by money transfer or to a social card.
Who can apply for benefits
Naturally, mothers themselves can apply for benefits for their first child. The father can also apply for benefits for himself if the mother refused to pay in his favor or, for example, died. He is entitled to a lump sum payment at the birth of a child and an allowance for up to 1.5 years. He submits documents for payments to the accounting department at his place of work, and if he is unemployed, then to social security. Additionally, you need to take a certificate from the employment center confirming that the father does not receive unemployment payments. You cannot receive child benefits and unemployment payments at the same time; you need to choose one.
IMPORTANT POINT: In this case, the mother must take a certificate stating that she did not receive benefits. The employed take it from their jobs, the unemployed from social security.
In addition to mom and dad, benefits for up to 1.5 years can be applied for by any relative who actually cares for the child and takes leave for this, most often these are grandparents.
Changes
Due to the increase in the minimum wage, the monthly benefit if the mother had no income will be 4,852 rubles . The growth is associated only with indexation, and not with the Government’s initiative to improve the situation of mothers and newborns.
There is such a thing as compensation payment , in Moscow it is 600 rubles, in St. Petersburg the numbers are completely different, namely:
- 31,104 R - at the birth of the first child;
- 41,475 R - at the birth of the 2nd child;
- 51,842 R - at the birth of subsequent children.
Paid to residents of Moscow and the northern capital, including the unemployed. This has not yet been observed in the regions.
One-time payments
One-time payment for those registered in the early stages of pregnancy
Working pregnant women are entitled to a one-time payment for early registration at the antenatal clinic (LC). Early diagnosis means the first trimester, or up to 12 weeks. The payment amount in 2021 is 655 rubles.
The doctor who is caring for the pregnancy issues a special certificate confirming the woman’s registration. The pregnant woman attaches this certificate to a package of documents consisting of:
- certificate of incapacity for work;
- passports;
- applications for benefits.
The collected documents must be provided to the employer or the Social Insurance Fund.
FOR REFERENCE: The application for payment of benefits can be printed or written by hand in any form. There are ready-made samples on the Internet, but the essence comes down to the fact that you need to indicate who is receiving the application and from whom it is from. In the text of the application it is enough to write: “ Please provide me with an allowance for early registration at the antenatal clinic. The certificate is attached ” and attach a doctor’s certificate to the application.
A woman receives a certificate of incapacity for work at her consultation at 30 completed weeks of pregnancy, and in case of a multiple pregnancy (if a woman is expecting more than one child) earlier - at 28 weeks.
A woman most often receives this payment from her employer simultaneously with the Maternity and Maternity benefit. The employer must pay the benefit no later than 6 months after the end of the BiR leave.
All expenses are then reimbursed to the employer by the FSS (Social Insurance Fund).
In some cases, benefits are paid to the woman directly from the Social Insurance Fund:
- If the pregnant woman is an individual entrepreneur and has previously concluded a voluntary insurance agreement with the Social Insurance Fund. We will examine this situation in more detail below.
- If a woman is not paid benefits on time by her employer or simply refuses to pay them.
- If the employer has gone bankrupt and has no funds or has closed his company, for example, the day before the woman applied for payment.
An employer may refuse to pay benefits to a pregnant woman if the company has gone bankrupt or is in the process of liquidation. But in this case, everything is legal, and the woman just needs to contact the FSS and submit the necessary documents there:
- statement;
- sick leave;
- data on earnings for the last 2 years - certificate 2-NDFL.
The Social Insurance Fund will calculate and pay benefits within 10 days.
If the employer simply delays the payment of maternity benefits or refuses to pay them, then you need to contact the labor inspectorate and the Social Insurance Fund. It will be necessary to collect documents confirming that the woman works in this company and file a complaint against its manager.
If an appeal to the labor inspectorate does not bring results, you need to write a complaint to the prosecutor's office, and then a trial will follow.
One-time maternity benefit
The B&R benefit is assigned to a woman from the 30th or 28th week of pregnancy, depending on whether she has a normal pregnancy or a multiple pregnancy. This benefit is only available to working women, and its size depends on the minimum wage and the duration of the leave according to the BiR.
The duration of the vacation depends on the course of pregnancy and the birth itself, which may occur with complications:
- 140 days for a normal pregnancy;
- 194 days for multiple pregnancy;
- 156 days for childbirth that occurred prematurely or was complicated.
Benefits and leave under the BiR are issued at the same time. To receive benefits, a woman needs to bring only 2 documents to the accounting department at her job: an application for payment and a sick leave certificate from the antenatal clinic. By the way, most often an application is written for 2 payments due to a woman at once.
Sample application for payment of benefits for BiR and a one-time payment for early registration in the housing complex:
To calculate the amount of the B&R benefit, you need to find out the woman’s average daily earnings. To do this, you need to add up all the salary she received over the last 2 years and divide by 730 or 731 - the number of days for 2 years, depending on whether there was a leap year or not. If during these 2 years the woman was on sick leave, then these days are deducted from the total number of days worked. Vacation days are not deducted from the total number of days.
When the average daily salary is known, we multiply it by the number of days of vacation according to the BiR, and the amount of the required benefit is obtained.
Example 1
Marina worked at the company and then became pregnant. She took leave under the BiR from February 5, 2021. Previous years - 2018 and 2017 - are taken to calculate her average daily wage. In 2017, Marina received 25,000 rubles per month, so for the year it turned out: 3 salary in 2017 = 12 * 25,000 = 300,000 rubles
In 2021, Marina’s salary was increased, and she already received 29,000 rubles per month,
At the same time, she was on sick leave for a month, so we subtract these days from the billing period. It turns out that the billing period is 365+365-30=700 days.
Salary in 2021=11*29,000=319,000 rubles
Average daily earnings equal to salary 2017+salary 2018/700 days
300000+319000/700=884 rubles
We compare the resulting value with the maximum and minimum average daily earnings in 2021; it should be no less and no more than them.
The maximum value is 2150 rubles, and the minimum value is 370 rubles. These amounts change annually and depend on the minimum wage. In 2021, the minimum wage is 11,280 rubles, so the minimum value is obtained as follows: minimum wage * 24/730 or 11,280 * 24/730 = 370 rubles. Current data for each year on the size of insurance bases and the size of the minimum wage can be viewed on specialized websites.
The maximum value is calculated based on the insurance bases (hereinafter referred to as SB).
Every year, a maximum base for the employer’s insurance contributions is set, the amount from which he is obliged to contribute money to the Social Insurance Fund. For example, in 2021 it was equal to 755,000 rubles, and in 2021 - 815,000 rubles.
Accordingly, if a woman’s salary in total for 2021 exceeds 755,000, then they will be counted only according to this maximum value, the same in 2021.
Now we will show how the maximum value of the average daily salary is calculated.
(SB2017+SB2018)/730.
(755000+815000)/730=2150 rubles.
Marina’s average daily earnings turned out to be 884 rubles - this is more than the minimum and less than the maximum, which means that we then multiply this average daily earnings by the number of days of vacation according to the BiR, which for Marina is 140 days.
140 * 884 = 123,760 rubles - this is the benefit she is entitled to, and she will receive it at once, that is, all at once, and not in parts.
Clarifications:
- If Marina’s average daily earnings were less than the minimum acceptable value, for example, 300 rubles instead of 370, then her benefit would be calculated based on the minimum value: 370 * 140 = 51,800 rubles.
- If Marina’s average daily earnings, on the contrary, were higher than the maximum value, for example, 2500 rubles, then the calculation would be based on the maximum value: 2150 * 140 = 301,000 rubles.
- If a woman has less than 6 months of work experience, then the benefit is calculated based on the minimum wage, which in 2021 is equal to 11,280 rubles.
Let's look at an example calculation for such a case.
Example 2
Svetlana has only worked for the company for 5 months and is going on maternity leave. She had never worked anywhere before. She wrote an application for leave for the BiR, which will begin on March 1 and end on July 18, lasting 140 days. Since Svetlana’s total work experience is less than 6 months, we calculate her average daily salary based on the minimum wage, which is equal to 11,280 rubles, we get:
Minimum wage*24/730 or 11280*24/730=370.84 rubles. Let's calculate her allowance by month:
- March: 370.84 rubles*31 days=11496 rubles
- April: 370.84*30 days=11125 rubles
- May: 370.84*31 days=11496 rubles
- June: 370.84*30 days=11125 rubles
- July:370.84*18 days=6675 rubles
Total Svetlana will receive: 51917 rubles.
If a woman worked for one employer for less than 6 months, but before that she worked for other employers, then the total length of service is considered. If the total length of service is more than 6 months, then the B&R benefit is calculated according to the usual formula. The woman must provide information about the amount of salary from previous places of work to the employer. If such data is not available, the current employer calculates her average daily salary based on the minimum wage for the previous 2 years.
Individual entrepreneurs receive BIR benefits from the Social Insurance Fund if they have previously entered into a voluntary insurance agreement and made contributions to the fund. A voluntary social insurance agreement means that an entrepreneur pays contributions to the Fund on his own behalf in order to later receive social payments, for example, a BIR allowance, as in our case.
To conclude a voluntary insurance agreement, you need to provide only 2 documents to the Social Insurance Fund: a passport and an application. Documents can be submitted directly to the Social Insurance Fund or to the MFC.
Within 3 working days, the individual entrepreneur is assigned an individual number. After this, you need to pay insurance premiums. They can be paid in parts or in the entire amount for the year at once, the main thing is to do this before December 31 of the current year.
The amount of the insurance premium for the year is calculated based on the minimum wage using the formula:
Minimum wage * 2.9% * 12, where 2.9 is the rate of insurance premiums, and 12 is the number of months.
The insurance premium rate may change; in 2021 it is 2.9. The minimum wage in 2021 is 11280. Next we calculate:
11280 * 2.9% * 12 = 3924 rubles - this is how much an individual entrepreneur will need to contribute to the Social Insurance Fund per year.
IMPORTANT POINT: In order to receive payments for an insured event, for example, for pregnancy and childbirth in the current year, you need to have paid insurance premiums for the previous year.
Female students also receive a B&R allowance; it is calculated based on their scholarship using the formula St/30.4*140, where St is the amount of the stipend.
For the calculation, the amount of her study scholarship is taken on the day of submission of documents. If a student does not currently receive a scholarship, for example, she passed the exam with C marks, then her benefit is calculated based on the minimum scholarship established by this university, but not lower than the scholarship amount established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
Some unemployed women can also receive benefits under the BiR - these are those who lost their jobs due to the bankruptcy of an enterprise or its liquidation. The benefit is paid to them by the Social Insurance Fund, but its amount is small - only 628 rubles per month, respectively, for 140 days of leave under the BiR, a woman will receive 2,930 rubles.
The benefit is assigned 10 days after the documents are accepted. It is paid along with the next salary or stipend even before the start of maternity leave.
You can submit documents for payment of benefits no later than 6 months after the end of the BiR leave.
One-time benefit for the birth of a child
The benefit is paid after the child is born. The amount of the benefit from February 1, 2021 is 17,479 rubles, it is indexed annually. The payment is assigned to one of the parents, but you need to apply for it either to the employer (employed) or to social security (unemployed).
The following documents are submitted to the employer:
- application for payment;
- passport;
- child's birth certificate;
- certificate from the registry office confirming the child’s registration;
- a certificate from the second parent that he did not receive this benefit. Employed people get a certificate from their place of work, the unemployed from social security, and individual entrepreneurs receive a certificate from the Social Insurance Fund.
A similar package of documents is submitted to social security:
- application for payment;
- passport;
- child's birth certificate;
- a certificate from the registry office confirming the child’s registration;
- work books of non-working parents or their diplomas and certificates.
Benefits are provided for 10 days. Those who work are paid it within the same 10 days, those who do not work from the Social Insurance Fund are paid no later than the 26th of the next month.
Do you need copies of documents?
According to clause 28 of the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated December 23, 2009 No. 1012n, when submitting papers for the appointment of one-time state assistance, copies of the following papers are required (if there are relevant legal facts):
- Birth certificates, if the birth occurred abroad: then it is issued by the consulate or other authorized body.
- Court decision on adoption.
- Agreement on the transition of a minor to a family;
- Identity cards – for foreigners and stateless persons.
- Refugee certificates - for refugees.
- Temporary residence permits in Russia (as of December 31, 2006) - for persons who are not Russian citizens and who are not subject to compulsory social insurance.
- Confirming certificates - for those individuals who are individual entrepreneurs, notaries, lawyers and are engaged in other professional activities that require state registration or a license.
IMPORTANT! Along with photocopies of these papers, the originals must also be submitted.
Monthly payments and benefits at the birth of a child
Care allowance up to 1.5 years
Working and non-working parents receive a monthly allowance for child care up to 1.5 years old; only the amount of payments differs.
For workers, the benefit amount is calculated as 40% of their average salary for the previous 2 years. This amount cannot be less than the minimum and more than the maximum value. The following indicators have been set for 2021:
- minimum - 3277 rubles;
- maximum - 26,152 rubles.
For unemployed people and students, the payment is equal to the minimum value - 3277 rubles.
Example
Katya works, she earns 42,000 rubles a month. Her salary for 2017 is equal to 42,000 * 12 = 504,000 rubles, this is less than the value of the maximum insurance base, which in 2021 was 755,000 rubles, which means we will use the obtained value. The salary for 2018 is equal to 42,000 * 12 = 504,000 rubles, which is also less than the maximum value of the insurance base in 2021, which was equal to 815,000 rubles.
Next we apply the formula (salary 2017 + salary 2018)/730*30.4*40%,
where 730 is the number of days for 2 years, and 30.4 is the average number of calendar days in a month.
We get: (504000+504000)/730*30.4*40%=41976*40%=16790 rubles
This is how much Katya will receive monthly as a child care benefit for up to 1.5 years.
Payments are made at the place of work, and students and the unemployed turn to social security. The following documents must be provided:
- passport;
- statement;
- child's birth certificate;
- a child’s birth certificate issued by the registry office;
- a certificate stating that the second parent does not receive this benefit.
Payment can be made no later than 6 months after the child turns 1.5 years old.
Documents are reviewed within 10 days. Payments of benefits begin from the next month, but no later than the 26th.
Not only the child’s parents, but also other relatives who actually care for the child can apply for benefits.
Current
The legislative basis for calculating maternity benefits is the federal law of the Russian Federation, which sets out the procedure for accrual, including the maximum and minimum possible amount.
When determining the amount of benefits for caring for a child up to one and a half years old, the following points are taken into account.
- Seniority. If the length of service is less than six months, the allowance will be transferred in the minimum amount.
- If the mother’s work experience was interrupted for more than 2 years during the period of employment, then she has the right to demand, when calculating benefits, a basis for using a different time period. This is convenient only when the average salary of the billing period was greater than the minimum wage at the time the application was submitted.
Benefits for the birth of a child in a family can be one-time or monthly. This means that certain payments can only be received once, while others will be paid until the child reaches a certain age.
An important point is that federal monetary benefits apply to all citizens of the Russian Federation. However, there are also payments of a regional nature. Residents of specific regions of Russia can count on them. The size of the payment will directly depend on the region.
What other benefits and support measures are provided?
Payments and benefits for single mothers
Although single mothers are considered socially vulnerable citizens, they are not entitled to any separate payments or benefits at the federal level. The only concessions granted to them are a double tax deduction and compensation for part of the cost of purchased housing under the “young family” program (if the single mother is under 35 years old).
But regional authorities can support such mothers and provide various benefits and payments. A complete list of required payments and benefits can be found in social security.
Most often they are provided with benefits for:
- products;
- medicines;
- clothes;
- purchasing school supplies;
- payment of utility bills.
For example, in the Krasnodar Territory, single mothers are entitled to a monthly payment of 400 rubles per child and the following benefits:
- compensation of 50% of the cost of kindergarten;
- free meals for schoolchildren;
- free food in the dairy kitchen;
- free trip to a health camp.
By the way, you can receive all these payments and benefits only after the woman confirms her single status; for this she needs to take a certificate from the registry office in form No. 25.
Regional benefits for children.
By Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 606 of December 31, 2012, authorities of regions with unfavorable demographic conditions were ordered to establish a monthly payment in the amount of the subsistence minimum for families with three or more children before the age of three.
So, in the Tomsk region, the size of the monthly allowance in 2021 was 11,573 rubles. Russian entities have the right to independently establish requirements for receiving such payments.
Additional payments and benefits
Parents can apply for an additional payment for food for a child up to 1 year or up to 3 years.
For a child under 1 year old, you can apply for benefits if a woman cannot feed him on her own. To do this, it is necessary for the local pediatrician to give an appropriate conclusion.
For a child from 1 to 3 years old, you can also receive an additional payment if he needs extra nutrition. You also need to obtain a pediatrician’s opinion in form 112/U.
Each region independently decides the issue of the amount of payments or replacing them with food. The average payment by region is about 950 rubles per month.
The free food package includes: baby formula, milk porridge, purees and juices.
Where to apply for payment
Working parents need to contact the accounting department at their place of work for most benefits; this includes the following payments:
- for early registration;
- B&R manual;
- one-time at birth;
- benefit up to 1.5 years;
- compensation payment up to 3 years.
Non-working parents need to contact social security to apply for:
- lump sum benefit for the birth of a child;
- benefit up to 1.5 years;
- Putin payments up to 1.5 years;
- child benefit up to 18 years of age.
You need to apply to the pension fund for payment of disability benefits to your child.
Remember
- Most benefits are available to all families, regardless of whether the parents are employed or not.
- Birth and labor leave can last a different number of days depending on the course of pregnancy and childbirth, respectively, and payments will be different.
- Governor's payments vary in the regions and can be assigned to certain groups of families: low-income, large families, etc.
- Both working and non-working people can receive benefits for up to 1.5 years. The first will be calculated as 40% of average earnings for the previous 2 years, the second will be assigned a minimum amount, which in 2021 is equal to 3,277 rubles.
- Putin payments for up to 1.5 years can only be received by those families in which the child was born or adopted no earlier than January 1, 2018, and the family must be low-income.
- Disabled children are entitled not only to a disability pension, but also to a monthly cash payment or a substitute set of social services.
- You can apply for benefits not only through social security, but also through the multifunctional center.
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Amount of assistance for child care up to 1.5 years
Owners of enterprises and employers are required to calculate the minimum payment and then transfer it every month to employees on maternity leave who are on a long three-year leave. These postpartum payments in 2021 are calculated according to a simple formula: 40% of the average monthly earnings.
Find out important things: How to sell an apartment purchased with maternity capital
Important! When an employee’s income is below the established minimum wage, this amount is taken.
· Benefit = minimum wage value at the beginning of the citizen’s current maternity leave * 40%
There is a minimum value for this payment - its amount is specified in Federal Law-255, also Federal Law-81.
Example:
Minimum wage = 11,280 rubles
· Minimum benefit = 4512 rubles (11280 rubles * 40%)
In 2021, the minimum wage is 12,792 rubles.
You cannot pay less than this amount. However, if a citizen’s vacation began earlier than the current year 2021, then the amount changes. Sometimes less than the minimum RUR 4,465.20. – calculated per child separately. There is no need to overpay above the established amount.
Expert opinion
Elena, 35 years old, 3 children
I am the mother of 4 children and I want to say that for my first child I received absolutely nothing. Since I didn’t work, we lived in the region. For her second child, she received payments of around 32 thousand, and was given a nominal job on a meager salary. Of course, I never dreamed of payments like in St. Petersburg)). To get a good salary for pregnancy in Russia, you need to either be a military wife, or earn decent money yourself before giving birth. Then the benefit will be tangible. And without maternity capital, it’s all just pennies).
