How to join the labor exchange after dismissal: list of documents, amount of benefits in 2021

Over the past decades, the name of the labor exchange has changed several times. Labor exchange, employment office and finally, the beautiful long name employment center . Most of the residents of our country have a negative attitude towards the labor exchange and consider it pointless to contact this government agency for help in finding a job. Nevertheless, there is still a demand for it, as is proven by daily queues and an ever-increasing package of services.

What is an employment center or the usual labor exchange? This is a department of the employment service, which is in every city and even in most districts, it works with the population in the field of labor and employment. Simply put, this is a place where they will help you choose a job based on your knowledge, skills, and experience.

Package of documents

In order for you to be offered a job, you need to register and register. You must be unemployed at the time of production. You need to have with you:

Passport, necessarily with local registration
Work book
Diplomas and certificates (if you have nothing, no worries)
From your last place of work, if available, take a certificate of income for the last three months to assign cash payments.

Ten days later, the employment center issues a verdict on assigning unemployed status. If for some reason your application is rejected, you can try to submit your documents again in one month.

Recognition as unemployed . After being declared unemployed, he needs to come twice a month to an appointed specialist who will offer vacancies. Unemployment benefits are credited to the card of a bank that cooperates with the labor exchange. Most likely, you will have to go to the bank and get a card. You cannot miss scheduled appointments at the employment center, otherwise your unemployed status will be removed and benefits will be stopped. You need to arrive at the exact appointed time; they don’t like latecomers there, just like anywhere else.

Unemployment benefit amount in 2021

Federal Law “On Employment of the Russian Federation” No. 1032-1 of April 19, 1991 regulates the amount of unemployment benefits, which is calculated as a percentage of the average earnings at the last place of work - for the last three months before dismissal:

An unemployed person receives 75% of his average salary in the first 3 months after being assigned this status;
60% – next 4 months;
45% – for another 5 months.

This formula for calculating benefits is valid only for the first 12 months after a citizen is registered as unemployed and only if he registered within a year after losing his official job. In the second year, the unemployed receives only the minimum benefit.

The same payment scheme also applies to citizens of pre-retirement age who were dismissed for any reason during the 12 months preceding the start of unemployment and who had previously been in an employment relationship for at least 26 weeks.

But pre-retirees who worked for less than 26 weeks with their last employer before the start of unemployment have the right to count only on the minimum amount of unemployment benefits.

There is one more feature. According to the law, the period of payment of unemployment benefits to citizens of pre-retirement age who have an insurance period of at least 25 and 20 years for men and women, respectively, or who have the specified insurance period and the required work experience in the relevant types of work, giving the right to early assignment of an old-age insurance pension in in accordance with Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013 “On Insurance Pensions”, increases beyond the established 12 months by two weeks for each year of work exceeding the insurance period of the specified duration. At the same time, the period of payment of unemployment benefits to these citizens cannot exceed 24 months for a total of 36 months.

At the same time, regardless of the size of the salary indicated in the employer’s certificate, the amount of the benefit cannot be less or more than the maximum values determined by the Government of Russia. That is, this executive body annually sets the maximum and minimum amount of unemployment benefits, and all amounts received by unemployed citizens vary within the specified range.

According to Government Decree No. 1375 of November 15, 2018, unemployment benefits in 2021 were set at the following values:

1500 rubles – the minimum amount of cash payment to the unemployed;
8,000 rubles is the maximum amount of cash payment to the unemployed.

It should be taken into account that in some constituent entities of the Russian Federation, where a regional coefficient is established, the final amount of the benefit increases by its value.

Download for viewing and printing:

Federal Law “On Insurance Pensions” dated December 28, 2013 N 400-FZ (as amended on March 6, 2019

Monthly visits

After the first meeting, the employment center specialist will fill out all the documents and keep a book in which he will record the date and time of the next visit. You must bring the booklet with you every time; it is an important document. Next, based on an extract from your work record and educational documents, the specialist will offer you a maximum of three vacancies at each visit. A form is attached to the list of vacancies. If you yourself refuse all the offered vacancies, which is noted on the issued form, and no matter for what reason, you will be removed from the labor exchange. It happens that there are no suitable vacancies, then they simply schedule the next visit.

What do you need to join the labor exchange?

All citizens of the Russian Federation are subject to registration at the labor exchange. Anyone who is already employed can post a resume and view available vacancies in order to choose a more interesting option. Anyone who is just looking for a job will receive an expanded “package of services,” but this will only be the case if they receive official unemployed status.

It is easy to carry out these actions - you just need to contact the labor exchange at your place of residence and provide all the necessary documents.

3.1. Documents for production

The legislation defines the documents necessary to recognize a person as unemployed. Their list depends on whether the citizen was employed or not.

Those who have not yet worked officially must prepare for presentation:

Passport;
TIN;
SNILS;
Document confirming education.

Those who already have official work experience must additionally provide the following documents:

Employment history;
Certificate of salary from the last place of work in the prescribed form;
Extract on the status of an individual personal account from the Pension Fund.

In order for a citizen to be assigned the status of unemployed, there is no need to present any other documents. However, additional educational documents, qualification certificates, etc. can speed up the search for a vacancy that would suit the applicant.

Also, the presence of a certain social status (for example, “person with disabilities”) requires the presentation of appropriate documents.

There is no separate labor exchange for persons with disabilities, but the employer is obliged to allocate a certain quota of jobs in which they could work. Here, for each individual applicant, both the level of professionalism and health status must be taken into account.

3.2. The procedure for applying to the labor exchange

In order to assign a citizen the status of “unemployed,” he must actually prove his desire to get a job and work. For this purpose, it is sent by the employment service to those enterprises that have provided information about their vacancies to this service.

If it is impossible to find a job for reasons beyond the applicant’s control in two or more places, he is recognized as unemployed. The legislative period for such a decision is 11 days from the moment the citizen applies and receives a full package of documents from him.

The following categories of people cannot be considered unemployed:

Officially employed;
Pensioners;
Persons under 16 years of age;
Citizens who have the status of “individual entrepreneur” or are founders of legal entities.

If the applicant is not classified in the above categories, there is no reason not to consider him unemployed.

An individual entrepreneur is an individual or legal entity

Website

If you do not need benefits and do not want or do not have the opportunity to register twice a month at the stock exchange and travel for vacancies that do not interest you, you can submit an application through the government services website and select vacancies on the site yourself.

Some employers are also listed on the websites of employment centers, but the information there is not updated frequently. In some cities, there are terminals at the employment center where you can also find a suitable vacancy; you do not need to fill out any documents for this.

When can they be deregistered?

In addition to the obvious case when a person gets a job, there are several other reasons why he may be deregistered at the labor exchange.

According to Article 35 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Employment of the Population in the Russian Federation” dated April 19, 1991 N 1032-1, a citizen can be deregistered if he:

reaches retirement age and becomes a pensioner;
moves, in which case it is necessary to register with the employment center at the new place of residence;
twice refused training offered by the labor exchange, and at the same time had not previously studied or worked anywhere;
does not appear at the employment center without a good reason: in such a situation, they may either reduce the benefit or completely remove it from the register;
is registered illegally; for example, if a citizen falsifies documents, the Center for Labor Protection has the right to recover through the court the amount of illegally paid benefits, and law enforcement agencies can initiate a criminal case;
came to the employment center drunk;
was sentenced to correctional labor or imprisonment;
he himself refused to receive benefits;
died.

What is a voluntary qualifying exam and how to take it? More details

Training from the labor exchange

For those who want to get a new specialty for free, an excellent opportunity is provided at the employment center. After being recognized as unemployed, you can apply for training by choosing one of the presented specialties. According to legal norms, only those who have been on the exchange for 6 months receive a referral for training, but in reality you can get a referral earlier, it all depends on the specialist who will work with you.

A stipend is also paid for training .
If a student skips classes or shows poor academic performance, by decision of the employment center, scholarship payments can be reduced by 25%. Upon completion of the course, the student will receive a certificate.

Who is eligible to register

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, an unemployed person has the right to apply for benefits.
It is necessary to submit an application to the appropriate service, and only an able-bodied Russian can do this. Thus, the following have the right to legally obtain status:

people who were laid off at the time of liquidation of an enterprise or reorganization of a company;
graduates of educational institutions without experience;
citizens trying to find work.

Required conditions for registration:

age from 16 to 60 (65) years;
lack of official work;
collection of all necessary documentation.

Duration of registration in the Center for Significance

State financial assistance is accrued within six months. But there are unemployed Russians who can only claim funds for three months. These include:

those who are trying to find a job for the first time;
who was fired for improper fulfillment of labor obligations;
unemployed with less than 182 days of experience.

After termination of payments, the status does not change. If desired, you can save it until retirement.

What is a suitable job

Based on Art. 4 of the Employment Law, work that corresponds to:

Professional training of the employee taking into account his qualifications.
Conditions of the last place of work.
State of health.
Transport accessibility of the workplace (taking into account the presence or absence of public transport delivering to the place of work).

If a person has not worked for a long time (more than one year), then any job, including low-skilled labor, will be suitable for him: the main thing is that you get paid for the work, but in what amount is not so important. Moreover, the reason why the person did not work is not taken into account.

The group of people who can count on any job includes the following citizens, according to paragraph 3 of Art. 4 of the Employment Law:

those who worked unofficially, and information about their employment was not provided to the Pension Fund;
registered for more than 12 months;
contacted the central control center after the end of seasonal work;
refused to undergo vocational training after the end of benefits;
fired for wrongdoing.

Equal positions for the Employment Center have people who simply did not want to work, abused alcohol, as well as those who were on maternity leave, closed their individual entrepreneurs, were ill for a long time or had to care for a sick relative. CZN employees can offer all of them any vacancy without taking into account their education and previous work experience. Thus, after a break in employment, a specialist with honors in law may be offered the position of a loader with a minimum wage salary, and the unemployed person has no right to refuse it.

An unemployed person will receive job offers 1-2 times a month during re-registration. During the period of the spread of coronavirus, the procedure for re-registration was changed: some unemployed people are called in person to the exchange, but the vast majority re-register by phone or automatically without actually going through interviews with employers. But in many regions, when the morbidity situation normalizes, employment centers are gradually switching to the usual format of work.

What is the best way to quit for the employment service?

When dismissal due to staff reduction, the unemployed citizen is paid severance pay by the former employer for the first 3 months , and only then the Central Employment Service pays unemployment benefits. Upon dismissal by agreement of the parties, the employer can pay a one-time severance pay if this is provided for in the agreement, and for the rest of the time, until the citizen gets a job, he receives benefits from the labor exchange.

The amount of the benefit depends on the average salary for the last 3 months, but cannot exceed the maximum value established by law; currently it is 8,000 rubles as a general rule. We will tell you more about this later.

It is not difficult to register with the employment center (service) for any reason for dismissal, but the total amount of payments due to the applicant in most cases will be higher if you quit due to staff reduction.

How to register with the Employment Center (Employment Center) for unemployment again: details of registration

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, those who have submitted two or more applications for assignment of status receive financial assistance for a shorter period.

If an unemployed person received benefits for the full period during which he did not work during the initial application, then upon subsequent applications within four years he will be given money only for 80% of the days without work.
The total amount of payments will decrease and amount to 85%.

This provision is also relevant for applicants undergoing vocational training.

By what criteria are you not recognized as unemployed?

Not every person left without a job can become the owner of the corresponding status. The following are not entitled to count on government support:

citizens under 16 years of age;
officially employed persons;
holding a paid position;
who are on legal leave at this time;
businessmen, heads of commercial companies;
pensioners;
military personnel (conscripts and contract soldiers);
owners of private farms.

Registering for unemployment at the Employment Center: how to become a job seeker at the labor exchange

If a person wants to get a job, but cannot find a suitable option for reasons beyond his control (employers refuse to hire), he should contact the Employment Center. To do this, you will need to fill out an application, present your passport and other documents to the service employees, the list of which depends on the characteristics of your work activity.

After submitting an application, the citizen is given a list of available vacancies, from which he selects the most attractive ones and receives a referral. If there are no suitable offers, then the applicant is registered as unemployed within 10 days.

After receiving the referral sheets, the unemployed person is required to visit each company. Based on the results of the interview, he is invited to work or refused to hire, with the obligatory indication of the reasons. It is a mistake to think that you can simply ignore the employment options offered by the center. Otherwise, you should forget about listing on the stock exchange.

When the proposed conditions according to certain criteria do not suit the applicant himself, he has the right to refuse the vacancy.

Legal standards

The rules for registering unemployment and paying benefits are contained in the following regulations:

In the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 8, 2021 No. 460 “On approval of the Temporary Rules for Registration of Citizens in order to find a suitable job...”.
In the Law of the Russian Federation “On Employment in the Russian Federation” of 1991 No. 1032-1.

Functions of the Employment Center in relation to helping citizens find work

The main task of the Employment Center (PEC) is that it acts as a link between employers and employees and assists unemployed citizens in finding suitable jobs. In addition, the functionality of the central control center includes:

study of supply and demand in the labor market;

payment of unemployment benefits or scholarships during the period of study;

providing applicants with the necessary information about professions in demand among employers;

active participation in the vocational guidance of youth;

registration of the unemployed.

What is not considered a suitable job?

Based on Part 4 of Art. 4 of the Employment Law, a suitable job cannot be considered one that:

Does not comply with labor protection standards.
Associated with the need to move to another city without the consent of the citizen.
Paid at less than the regional minimum wage.
With a salary below the average earnings in last place for the last three months.

In reality, the labor exchange faces numerous problems in the course of its activities. One of the key ones is the quality of the vacancies presented in the Employment Center database. Most of the offers:

The vacancies are suitable only for low-skilled personnel. These are, for example, janitors and cleaners, loaders, order pickers, administrators, etc.
Low pay: they often promise a salary in the amount of the minimum wage - 12,130 rubles.
The place of work is located in remote areas: industrial zones, outside the city, on the outskirts, etc.
Inconvenient schedule: with evening and night shifts.

Many vacancies are fake: they are published by employers only to fulfill the requirements of the employment center. In reality, the company does not need workers. Candidates have to go to pre-losing interviews and waste their time on them.

The candidate’s individual requests for a suitable job will not be taken into account: single mothers may be offered a vacancy two hours away from home with a variable schedule. She cannot refuse a vacancy because a woman has no one to leave her child with during the evening shift.