What documents are needed to join the labor exchange in 2021 and why the absence of some of them may cause non-payment of social benefits or refusal by employees of the “employment center” - the permanent author of the website “Legal Ambulance” and practicing lawyer Oleg will tell you about all this today Ustinov. In addition, in this article we will try to figure out what amount of benefits should be calculated for a person applying to the Center for Social Protection.
So, let's start with the main thing. Since the beginning of this year, namely from 01/01/19, according to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, adopted on November 15, 2021 (“On the amount of minimum and maximum unemployment benefits for 2021”), the amount of social unemployment benefits has been increased and today it is :
- maximum amount – 8,000 Russian rubles;
- the minimum amount is 1,500 Russian rubles.
In addition, according to the same law, the maximum amount of regular cash payments for unemployed people of pre-retirement age (this age occurs 2 years before the age that in Russia entitles them to an old-age insurance pension) was established in the amount of 11,280 Russian rubles.
How to join the labor exchange in 2021 and what documents are needed
First of all, a citizen needs to find out where the Employment Center is located in his city, to which he will need to submit the documents established by regulations. Let us immediately note that only those people who do not have official income have the right to apply to this organization. Thus, by referring to Article 3 of the Federal Law “On Employment...”, you can familiarize yourself with the current list of persons who are included in the category of unemployed citizens.
Expert opinion
Oleg Ustinov
Practicing lawyer, author of the website “Legal Ambulance”, one of the co-founders of the “Our Future” foundation.
This list includes able-bodied Russians who joined the labor exchange and are not currently working. And even more so - those who do not receive wages.
Such employees should immediately after dismissal or settlement take their documents from their manager and hurry to find a job. After they are registered, the unemployed fall under the direct protection of the state, the current legislative acts of which provide for certain guarantees, which consist of regular cash contributions until the citizen receives a new job and a permanent income.
In order for the Employment Center staff to register you as unemployed, you will need the following documents :
- ID card/passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
- work book (if you had already carried out work activities before contacting the Labor Center);
- educational documents (school certificate, diplomas, etc.) on the basis of which the organization’s employees will select a profession;
- a certificate of average earnings at your last place of work for the last 3 months (needed only if before contacting the center you worked for at least the specified period);
- In addition, today employees of the labor exchange are increasingly asking clients for an extract from the individual personal account of the insured person, which is necessary for obtaining a cash benefit.
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Features of registering as unemployment for disabled people
Citizens of the Russian Federation who are included in the category of disabled people, in order to prove their special status, must present, in accordance with current legislation, the so-called individual rehabilitation program, which today is issued in accordance with the procedure established by law and contains a medical report, that is, the conditions and scope of activity recommended by a specialist unemployed.
Stages of registration
The registration procedure can be divided into 2 stages.
Stage 1. Registration as a job seeker with the employment service.
Duration – 10 days. During this time, the CZN employees will offer suitable vacancies to the applicant for unemployed status. The law specifies what “suitable work” means. It must meet education, work experience, qualifications, previous salary, health status and some other criteria. If the proposed option does not meet at least one of them, you have the right to refuse it.
If the job is found suitable, but the citizen refuses it twice, he will be denied benefits.
It is more difficult to refuse for those who have never worked before and have no education. He will be offered almost any paid job, and only unsatisfactory transport accessibility will be accepted as a justified reason for refusal. But the employment service is ready to teach any profession at the expense of the state. If a person twice refuses the offered vocational training or paid work, then the status of unemployed is not assigned to him at all.
Stage 2. Assignment of unemployed status.
If no suitable job has been found within 10 days after registration, the citizen is recognized as unemployed and is assigned a state benefit. Most will receive it from the first day of their new status. And citizens who were laid off due to layoffs can count on severance pay from their former employer within 2 or 3 months. Then unemployment benefits will begin to be paid.
Citizens receiving the maximum amount of payments will do so for 6 months, unless they get a job earlier, move to another region, or retire. For the category with a minimum benefit, its payment is limited to three months. “Pre-retirees” can expect to receive money within 12 or even 24 months under certain conditions.
Conditions for the unemployed to register at the Employment Center
For persons who have set themselves the task of registering with the CZN, our lawyers recommend that they be sure to familiarize themselves with the information regarding the imposition of obligations on Russians, which are imposed on them after receiving documents, the main of which are:
- Persons registered with the labor exchange are required to visit this organization twice a month on the date and time appointed by the employees of the Labor Exchange Center. Otherwise, the employee of this body has the right to reduce the amount of the benefit paid by the state or stop paying it altogether.
- Also, the center’s employees will periodically offer the citizen vacancies that correspond to his professional training and the unemployed person is required to come for an interview with the employer within three days to obtain more detailed information.
- For one year, a citizen who has registered must decide on the vacancies offered to him and choose one of them as a new workplace. Otherwise, it can be assigned any suitable option that does not require certain qualifications, education and various special skills.
At the same time, when registering with the Employment Center, you need to understand that in 2021 not every citizen should hope to receive unemployed status, nor should they count on regular cash payments from the state.
Who may not be recognized as unemployed today?
According to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, the list of people who may be denied the status of unemployed includes:
- citizens sentenced to correctional labor;
- pensioners receiving an old-age pension"
- minor citizens under sixteen years of age.
Also, persons who register with the Employment Center but do not have a profession and relevant experience may be refused. As a rule, employees of a social organization offer such people to undergo training, which a person can refuse only twice, after which payments will stop and he will be offered a vacancy that does not require specific professional training.
You can find a complete list of persons who may be refused to obtain unemployed status in 2021 in Part 3 of Article 3 of the Federal Law “On Employment in the Russian Federation”.
Experience of the Reader of the website “Legal Ambulance”:
Hello, my name is Yulia. As a pre-retirement worker, I visited the Employment Center immediately after my layoff, providing the labor exchange workers with all the necessary documents to register me as unemployment. The specialist examined all the papers in front of me and returned my salary certificate, explaining that I would need it in 3 months, after receiving the redundancy payment.
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After that, he sat for about 40 minutes and filled out everything on the computer and, as a result, gave me a referral for an interview with an employer and putting the appropriate mark. At the same time, I noted all the referrals, deciding that even though I was a member of the Central Health Work Center as unemployed - after 3 months I will arrange it as needed.
I recently found out that this “specialist” registered me simply as a job seeker. In response to my statements, he denies the fact that he checked my documents, claiming that I initially registered to receive 3 months of payments. As a result, I not only lost money and time, but also “burnt a lot of nerves.” in addition, the same employee is appointed as my supervisor (after being declared unemployed). Here's the story.
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Anonymous survey:
The employee's actions were illegal. Write a complaint against him to your superiors. At 55 years old, it is better to rest rather than work.
Medical book: how to get it upon dismissal
When leaving an enterprise, an employee can receive a medical record that was issued to him at his previous place of work. However, there are pitfalls here: it is usually issued at the expense of the employer, and he may refuse to hand it over to the person being dismissed.
At the same time, the employer does not bear any responsibility under the law for refusal to issue this document.
What are electronic labor exchanges and how are they useful?
Some of our Readers are also interested in the question: is applying to electronic labor exchanges, which are advertised on the Internet every now and then, effective? We confirm that such exchanges really exist, acting in accordance with the law. However, this phenomenon in 2021 applies more to large populated areas.
Being, in fact, a commercial organization, such firms try to avoid small towns, villages and urban settlements, preferring cities with a wider audience for their activities. At the same time, all that such centers can do is provide you with a vacancy, without issuing any benefits or guarantees.
Thus, persons who used the services of these companies will not be able to officially register for unemployment and will not be able to count on regular financial assistance from the state. To obtain these social conditions, you must personally visit the State Employment Center and provide a package of necessary documents.
At the same time, it is difficult to deny the convenience and capabilities of the services in question, which allow you to connect to a large database of employers and find a suitable vacancy in a short time at minimal cost.
How else can electronic labor exchanges be useful? On almost every such site you can quickly find information about various training courses, seminars and professional trainings, which are often conducted free of charge or at a minimal price, in contrast to the cost of similar events in other institutions.
This means that by using such a service, you can not only find a vacancy, but also “upgrade” your knowledge and qualities.
Reports on vacant positions
It is necessary to inform the employment center every month regarding available vacancies. But in labor legislation there is no precise concept related to this area. You can rely on judicial practice. According to it, a vacancy is the name of a position for which an open-ended employment agreement is drawn up with the applicant.
The vacancy form indicates not only the description of the employer, but also other information:
- benefits with guarantees;
- qualification requirements;
- Work mode;
- salary amount;
- conditions, nature of work;
- Job title.
The employment center itself can propose candidates after it receives the relevant report. The employer again sends the documents to the regulatory authorities if the interview was successful. It is imperative to indicate on what date the hiring took place.
Is it possible for pregnant women to join the labor exchange and will they be paid unemployment benefits?
The law does not restrict pregnant women from their desire to register with the Employment Center. Thus, according to established standards, a woman in this situation does not have the right to be denied the status of an unemployed citizen. But whether the expectant mother will receive money from the state for this is another question.
Unemployment payments or sick leave due to pregnancy
After a woman’s personal application to the Center for Employment, employees of this organization, having established her education and presence/absence of experience, are required to provide her with 2 options for selected vacancies within 10 days from the date of her application.
Lawyer's Note
If during this period the center’s employees are unable to find her a job, the pregnant woman is registered as unemployed, assigning her a state cash benefit established by law.
If a girl is not suitable for any of the vacancies offered at the labor exchange, she can count on social unemployment benefits until 30 weeks of pregnancy, after which payments will be stopped and all that remains for her is to contact the social security authorities to apply for child benefits .
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How much do they pay at the labor exchange in the Russian Federation and Moscow in 2021?
It is immediately worth noting that the amount of payments on the exchange, established back in 2009, has undergone changes in 2021. So, today the amount of the minimum and maximum amounts have been increased . In addition, the amount of benefits for citizens of pre-retirement age was increased!
However, the actual size of the payments under consideration, as before, depends entirely on specific indicators, which include:
- grounds for dismissal from previous employment;
- the average salary at the last place of work for the last three months;
- the number of weeks worked at the previous place of work during the year before applying to the Employment Center (only formalized working relationships are considered).
Amount of payments for the unemployed
Unemployment benefits are cash benefits that some people can receive if they are unemployed on their own initiative (you must obtain status from a government agency). They are regulated and controlled by the government and vary depending on jurisdiction and location.
Benefits are collected in the form of monthly cash compensation, which is often only a percentage of the person's previous salary. Taxes are generally not withheld from unemployment benefits, although this may vary. In addition to meeting the eligibility requirements for unemployment benefits, workers are also required to search for work and regularly report the status of their search.
Typically, there is a waiting period between the end of employment and the start of benefits. In most systems, payments are only made for a specified period of time, although many places allow extensions under certain circumstances.
Filing an unemployment claim involves contacting the unemployment department through the appropriate government agency. In past years, unemployed workers had to wait in long lines to file a claim, but technological advances in recent years allow most workers to file claims electronically, either by phone or online.
While many people view unemployment benefits as a type of social security system, the premise is to provide temporary income to working-class citizens who unexpectedly lose their jobs or in circumstances beyond their control. The system discourages workers from receiving these benefits for long periods of time, providing only the portion of income to which the worker is accustomed. Therefore, most workers tend to actively look for a new job in order to fully restore their earning potential.
The amounts of cash payments are regulated and indexed based on federal legislation. The figures below show amounts as of 2021.
The amount of payments is tied to previous earnings
Unemployment benefits cannot exceed the minimum and maximum values
