What social status does an old-age pensioner belong to?

Pre-retirement age in 2021 - table

Let's look at the table for women and men by year of retirement.

The table of pre-retirement age by year of birth after 2023 remains unchanged. Amendments to the legislation are not envisaged at this stage.

In what cases can a pre-retirement person be denied a certificate?

A similar decision in the Pension Fund can be made in the following cases:

• If the citizen does not have the required work experience.
• If the employer does not provide supporting documents at the request of the Pension Fund. In this case, part of the citizen’s length of service will remain unaccounted for.

Also, a certificate of pre-retirement age will not be issued through State Services if the citizen provided unclear scans of documents when registering on the portal earlier. In this case, the applicant needs to redo scans of the papers and resubmit them.

Important: if a government agency refuses to grant a citizen pre-retirement status, the latter should go to court. During the proceedings, you will need to provide additional documents confirming your experience.

Benefits and guarantees for pensioners in 2021

Social benefits and concessions are provided for this category of citizens. Benefits are established both at the federal and regional levels.

Federal benefits

Federal support for citizens of pre-retirement age is regulated by Art. 34.2 Law of the Russian Federation No. 1032-1, Letters of the Ministry of Labor No. 14-2 / ​​OOG-14220 and 14-2 / ​​OOG-14662, Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 742-r.

Responsibility for dismissal

Dismissal must be justified, otherwise, Article 144.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provides for a fine of up to 200 thousand rubles. Most employers ask the question: “Is it possible to fire a pre-retirement worker?”

Dismissal from the moment of pre-retirement status is permitted:

• at your own request;
• lack of confirmation of qualifications (certification);
• failure by the employee to fulfill duties in accordance with the job description, without reason;
• repeated violation of the employment contract;
• being at work while intoxicated.

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We can say that there are enough justified reasons. Clear requirements for the unjustified dismissal of Art. 144.1 does not work. Therefore, this benefit is only recommended for the employer.

Passing a medical examination

Citizens of pre-retirement age can take 2 working days to undergo medical examination. Other categories of employed persons have access to only 1 working day. An employed citizen is obliged to provide the employer with a confirmation certificate within 3 days after undergoing medical examination.

Unemployment benefits

1. If the total length of service is less than that established by law (20 years for women, 25 years for men), unemployment benefits are accrued for 12 months.
2. If the total length of service is more than the established minimum, then the pre-retirement worker can count on an increased period of payments - two weeks, for each year of employment exceeding 20-25 years.
3. Unemployment benefits are calculated according to the regulations: 75% - average monthly salary or the established minimum wage for 3 months, 60% - from 4 to 7 months, 45% - subsequent payment.

Retraining program

By order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 742-r, a program for vocational training of citizens of pre-retirement age was developed. You can undergo free training with a referral from your employer or the Labor Center. The third option is the least convenient in terms of implementation; the pre-retiree independently chooses an educational institution and enters into a contract for the provision of services. After successful completion, the documents are submitted to the Control Center. The employment center transfers funds for training to the account of the educational organization.

Early retirement for the unemployed

If there is no opportunity to find a job, pre-retirement status entitles you to early retirement. Social benefits are assigned 2 years earlier, but only if the following conditions are met:

• dismissal due to company liquidation, layoff;
• lack of employment opportunities;
• pension coefficient of at least 18.6;
• experience of at least 11 years.

Upon reaching retirement age, the payment will be recalculated.

Land tax benefit

Pre-retirees can count on the provision of this category of benefits. To obtain benefit status, you must contact your local tax office and fill out an application for benefits. You can avoid paying tax on a land plot only partially; the preference applies to property measuring 6 acres. Anything more than this indicator is paid in accordance with the law.

Right to alimony and rules of inheritance

Pre-retirees have the right to a share of the inheritance upon the early death of their children. The right is regulated by Art. 1149 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, pre-retirees belong to the category of “disabled parents”.

A similar procedure applies to receiving alimony payments.

Regional benefits

They are regulated by government regulations and orders of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Each region has an individual amount of social benefits and preferences.

Free pass

Available to all pre-retirees, the benefit applies only to public city transport: bus, trolleybus, metro, tram. For each region, individual registration requirements have been established; pre-retirees can obtain the right to free travel by contacting: MFC, Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, social services department. protection. The service is provided free of charge.

Benefits for paying for housing and communal services

Like all regional relaxations, the benefit for housing and communal services is established individually for each region. Pre-retirement status entitles you to receive benefits; details can be clarified at your place of residence at the MFC or social center. support. For registration, you will need a small package of documents: a passport, a certificate of classification as a citizen of pre-retirement age, receipts confirming the fact of payment of utilities, a certificate of family composition.

Transport tax

To clarify information on your region, a pensioner just needs to visit the official website of the Federal Tax Service, select the subject and type in the search bar - transport tax. Pre-retirees have the right to receive transport tax benefits, but there are no clear requirements for their amount.

Providing vouchers for spa treatment

A pre-retirement pensioner can take advantage of a discount on a trip to a sanatorium. There are some features that are best clarified at the regional FSS office. To undergo treatment, a working pre-retirement worker takes a certificate from a medical institution in form No. 070/u and receives a referral.

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The employer purchases a voucher, which will subsequently be compensated from the regional Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation. The sanatorium and resort organization is obliged to provide a copy of the current license for the provision of sanatorium and resort treatment on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Partial or full compensation for the cost of medicines

Free medicines are provided only to certain categories of citizens: veterans, disabled people, and participants in accidents.

No more than 50% is available for registration to those citizens of pre-retirement age whose monthly benefit does not exceed the minimum wage in the region.

When carrying out labor activities or transferring tax deductions from receiving other types of income, a pre-retirement pensioner can compensate for the cost of medications through the regional branch of the Federal Tax Service.

Other benefits

This category of citizens has the right to be exempt from property tax, but only for one of the objects: apartment, house, garage.

Right to funded pension. Both one-time payment and lifetime accrual as a percentage are available. The pensioner has the right to shorten the period for receiving the payment to 10 years, in which case the accumulated part will be distributed evenly, and after the 10-year period will expire.

Additional benefits provided by regional constituent entities of the Russian Federation: dental prosthetics, installation and communication services, gasification of the house, major repairs, visiting a public bathhouse.

Targeted assistance – additional payment is provided to cover specific needs, depending on the circumstances at the time of application. Approximate list: assistance in organizing a subsidiary farm, purchasing clothing and hygiene products, subsidies for the purchase of building materials, etc.

For the unemployed

The law establishes clear advantages for DPs over ordinary citizens. A separate article was dedicated to this.

• The amount of unemployment benefits for people of pre-retirement age is increased. The maximum size reaches 12,130 rubles . From 2021, the maximum amount for pre-retirees and other unemployed people has been leveled. The minimum size is standard size - 1500 rubles .
• The period for payment of cash assistance has been extended. The pension reform significantly affected employment relations. In particular, the period for paying funds to unemployed citizens has been reduced. However, unemployment benefits for pre-retirees are still paid for 1 year. True, the repeated deadline that was before was not retained. In general, the amount of payments is determined by the average earnings of the affected person. The first 3 months will be paid 3/4 of the salary, the next 4 months 2/3, the remaining 5 months 9/20 of the salary. If there was no previous job or the salary requirements of the newly unemployed do not meet the requirements of the law, then the minimum benefit will be paid within 12 months.
• Additional payment periods. Overtime in excess of 25 years of insurance coverage for men (20 years for women) gives the right to increase the period of registration for unemployment. So for 1 year they add 14 days of payment, for 2 years - 28 days, etc.
• Preliminary pension. If a citizen has 25 years of service or more (for women - 20 years or more) and there are no more than 24 months left before retirement (according to the new rules), the employment service may offer to assign a pension instead of a benefit. Subsequently, when full pension grounds arrive, the amount of the old-age pension will be recalculated.

How to obtain pre-retirement status

Employed and unemployed citizens who have less than 5 years left before receiving a pension have the right to assign themselves this status. But you can’t count on automatic assignment of status; you need to collect a package of documents and apply to the state. structures for design.

What documents are needed?

The status is confirmed by receiving a certificate classifying the citizen as a citizen of pre-retirement age. For registration you only need an identification document.

Pension Fund branch

The regional office at your place of residence will help you complete this document within a day. You just need to fill out an application and provide a copy of your passport.

MFC

Through the MFC, the period for providing the service is 5 working days, and is provided free of charge. You must make an appointment at the regional multifunctional center and visit the department at the appointed time with your passport. The result of the provision of services will be the issuance of confirmed information about the inclusion of a citizen in this category of persons.

Through the PFR website

To visit your personal account, you need to go to the official PFR Internet portal es.pfrf.ru.

Login is carried out by entering the login and password from the State service, you must order a certificate and specify the destination authority (recipient).

The certificate can be downloaded from your personal account, and you can also receive a copy by email.

How much does a pre-retirement certificate cost?

The service is provided free of charge to all categories of citizens.

How and where to get a social card?

The social card opens up a wide list of benefits. You can apply for it on the MFC website; for this you will need a passport, a certificate of classifying a citizen as a citizen of pre-retirement age, a compulsory medical insurance policy, and a 3x4 photograph. The service is provided free of charge, the period of provision is 50 days.

General provisions

It should be noted that in the legislation, before the new pension reform, the concept of “pre-retirement age” was not enshrined in any legal acts.
The president proposed eliminating this shortcoming. In particular, the concept of pre-retirement age was introduced into legislation so that the state could provide this category of citizens with additional social guarantees. First of all, this is being done in order to make the reform more loyal to citizens of pre-retirement age. After making the appropriate changes, this status was officially confirmed. So, in accordance with paragraph 10 of Article 10 of Federal Law No. 350-FZ, “pre-retirement age” should be understood as the age period preceding the assignment of an old-age pension of up to 5 years.

Citizens of pre-retirement age are assigned a certain legal status, which gives them a number of social benefits and privileges. During these 5 years, a citizen acquires the right to receive social benefits. For example:

• discounted travel;
• discounts on housing and communal services;
• provision of medicines;
• priority rights for gasification of housing;
• preferential taxation.

Currently, these benefits are provided to people who are already retired; funds are allocated from regional budgets.

Note! Each region has its own list of benefits for pensioners/pre-retirees. Accordingly, the set of existing benefits in different regions of the Russian Federation may differ significantly.

Among other things, pre-retirees have retained the right to a compulsory share in the inheritance upon reaching the ages of 55 and 60 years, respectively - for women and men. Otherwise (without making appropriate amendments to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), older people will be able to count on such a right upon reaching the changed retirement age, namely 60 and 65 years.

Criminal liability has been introduced for employers in the form of large fines or compulsory work for the groundless dismissal of employees of pre-retirement age and refusal to employ such persons. These guarantees will help partially solve the problem with jobs for Russians who have already crossed the threshold of their 50th birthday. In addition, it is planned to universally introduce retraining and advanced training courses that will allow older people to learn new professions while remaining in demand in the labor market.

Attention! By November 2021, the entire package of basic pension laws was approved by parliament and signed by the President of the Russian Federation. Important! The 5-year pre-retirement age period will remain in effect until all stages of reform are completed, which will take 10 years. In particular, after 2028 the pre-retirement age will be set at 2 years and will remain at this level in the future.

Latest news for pre-retirees in 2021

According to the new law, the pre-retirement age changes annually until 2023. In 2021, men no younger than 1963 (except for special requirements: working conditions, other legislative statuses) and women no younger than 1968 will be able to obtain the status.

The Government of the Russian Federation has ordered that all citizens over 45 years of age be notified about the amount of savings and possible payments upon reaching retirement or pre-retirement status. Notification will be sent every 3 years.

Social benefits

State social support is financed from the federal budget and is provided to citizens throughout the country. Regional authorities have the right to create additional preferences for certain segments of the population based on their financial capabilities. Therefore, not all categories of citizens can qualify for regional benefits.

1. State pensions — the right to receive them is guaranteed by law. This pension is awarded:
   if you have a long working experience in a specific industry (for example, education or medicine);
2. after reaching the legal age and the inability to work fully;
3. as a result of disability - if a citizen has lost the opportunity to work as a result of illness, injuries or mutilation;
4. social pensions are minimum payments for persons who do not have enough (or no) length of service (work or insurance).
5. Labor pensions - This is compensation to citizens for funds received earlier (their wages or the income of family members). They are prescribed in the following cases:
   in the event of the loss of a breadwinner, a person who did not support himself independently and was a dependent of a missing or deceased family member is entitled to payments;
6. upon receipt of disability;
7. upon reaching the age of incapacity determined by law.

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A number of people have the right to retire earlier than the established time (without waiting for retirement age). This privilege depends on working conditions, region of residence, and gender (woman or man).

Question answer

Let's look at some frequently asked questions among retirees.

What should pre-retirement unemployed people do?

Contact the employment center at your place of registration. The regional center will already provide solutions to the problem: assign the status of unemployed, assign a payment according to the status, offer employment or send you for training with a scholarship.

How to get a Muscovite social card?

Contact the Moscow MFC with an application or apply online using the State Services service. The period for providing services is 30 days. During the production of the social card, the pre-retirement person is issued a discount ticket.

What benefits are available to old-age pensioners? Social assistance from the state

To get it, you need to contact your local social security department with an application. If you yourself are unable to do this for health reasons, then ask your neighbors or friends to invite a social worker to your home.

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All categories of citizens have the right to receive information about the benefits due to them, guaranteed by the state. To do this, you need to contact the social protection authorities or the Pension Fund, where they are required to provide it.

Will it be possible to fire a pre-retirement employee?

This is quite a relevant question.
In the light of pension reform, employees of pre-retirement age may turn into a caste of untouchables whom employers will be forced to keep on staff in order to avoid punishment. This is not entirely true. The fact is that despite a number of social guarantees and privileges, general labor standards will not change, so enterprise managers will be able to fire such workers on completely legal grounds. Of course, with full compliance with the prescribed procedure. For example, the basis for dismissal may be a reorganization of the company's staff. In this case, the manager is obliged:

• offer another position taking into account the employee’s medical conditions and professional skills;
• notify about the upcoming dismissal at least 2 months in advance;
• report the dismissal of a pre-retirement employee to the employment service.

This is exactly what the legal procedure for dismissing an employee of pre-retirement age will look like. In addition, employers will be able to dismiss employees regardless of their age in cases of gross violation of contract terms and labor laws. This may include:

• failure to perform duties;
• absenteeism - absence from work for more than 4 hours without a valid reason;
• alcohol intoxication.

It should be noted that after the tightening of liability measures for the dismissal of pre-retirees, employers may choose preventive tactics. In particular, the concept of pre-retirement age has clear age boundaries. Given this feature, nothing will prevent business managers from firing employees, of course, legally before the onset of “Age X”.

Despite a number of incidents related to raising the retirement age, experts almost unanimously say that there is no other way to provide pensioners with decent living. If the government adheres to the chosen direction, then after 10 years the average pension amount will be 40-50% of wages, as required by the International Labor Convention. Only time will tell what the introduced reform will actually look like.