Course work “Accounting for social insurance and security payments”

Modern society is socialized. A century ago, a person could only dream of a “social package”. Payment of taxes and other contributions did not bode well for the common working people. Over the years everything has changed. Of course, now the social security system is far from ideal, but it exists. In connection with this, every officially employed citizen accumulates part of the funds in federal funds. The mission of calculating and transferring funds, as well as social financing itself, rests with the employer. Accounting for social insurance and security payments is one of the most voluminous operations. Let's take a closer look at it.

What are insurance benefits?

In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, three specialized federal extra-budgetary funds have been created for social services for citizens: social insurance, medical care and pensions (FSS, MHIF and PF, respectively). A legal entity transfers a certain amount to each fund for its employees.

When an insured event occurs, the corresponding fund makes payments to an individual who has a certain insurance period. Receipt of funds also occurs through the employer’s accounting department.

Social insurance payment card

According to paragraph 4 of Article 431 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, all payers are required to keep records of the amounts of accrued payments to employees, as well as calculated insurance premiums from them separately for each individual. The accounting form is not established by law. Each company can develop it independently, ensuring that it reflects the required indicators.

As a sample, you can use the form recommended by the Pension Fund and the Social Insurance Fund in the Letter dated December 09, 2017.

Sample registration card

Account for social settlements

Accounting for settlements for social insurance and security is carried out using account 69. It has an active-passive structure. Sub-accounts are opened for contributions to each of the extra-budgetary funds:

• 69/01 “Settlements with the Social Insurance Fund”;
• 69/02 “Settlements with PF”;
• 69/03 “Settlements with the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund”.

It is the obligation of the enterprise to make social contributions for the employee. In this case, is the account “Settlements for social insurance and security” an asset or a liability of the balance sheet? Most often, data is reflected only in liabilities, but it is possible that they are also reflected in assets, because the account is active-passive and the final balance can be formed in any part of the account.

The increase in the amounts of contributions to the Social Insurance Fund, Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and Pension Fund, as well as their accrual, is shown in the credit of account 69. As for expenses, the amount is indicated in the accounts of the costs of material support for employees, i.e. in the debit of the same accounts on which the amount of wages is reflected . For primary production workers, debit 20 will be used, for administrative workers - debit 26. Trade enterprises write off the amounts of social tax deductions to account 44.

When paying amounts for social security of employees, account 69 is debited, thereby accounting for the process of fulfilling obligations by the enterprise.

Examples of operations on account 69 for dummies

Example 1. Calculation of insurance premiums

Renas LLC built the warehouse with its own resources. The total salary of workers involved in construction is 21,000 rubles. Insurance premiums of Renas LLC amount to 30%, including pension (22%), social (2.9%) and medical (5.1%).

Posting table – Reflection of insurance premiums from employees’ salaries (construction of fixed assets) in account 69:

Example 2. Calculation of insurance contributions for social insurance from NS and PZ

For (11th class of professional risk) the rate of insurance contributions for social insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases is 1.2%.

The plant employees received:

• Salary in the amount of 610,000 rubles, including main production – 250,000 rubles; auxiliary production – 360,000 rubles;
• Benefits for employees who suffered from accidents during production - 4,000 rubles.

The accountant of AsbestN LLC generated the following entries for account 69:

The role of contributions to the Social Insurance Fund

The Social Insurance Fund is the second largest in Russia. This is where the amounts transferred by taxpayers throughout the country accumulate. Part of the funds is financed by the state. Where does the money from this fund go? Thanks to the Social Insurance Fund, an individual can receive compensation in cases of loss of income due to a disability:

• illness;
• pregnancy and childbirth;
• caring for a sick relative;
• work injury.

The funds are also used by the fund itself to develop the social sphere and ensure the financial stability of the Social Insurance Fund.

Procedure for calculating and paying contributions

The contribution amount must be transferred to each separate federal/territorial fund. It is determined on the basis of a formula established by current legislation, as a certain percentage of the main tax base. The amount of the contribution, which is credited to the Social Insurance Fund, can be reduced by the taxpayer by the total amount of expenses incurred by him, which were allocated for the purposes of state social insurance. Advance payments are made no later than the 15th day of the month following the reporting month. Accounts must be kept for each individual employee within the limits of their income. It is necessary to transmit information about personalized accounting in the field of state pension insurance to the Pension Fund. The Social Insurance Fund, during the period established for paying the tax, must provide information regarding the amounts:

• expenses that are subject to offset;
• aimed at purchasing vouchers;
• for the payment of various types of social benefits.

In order to accumulate funds, the organization must make monthly payments for social needs. Such deductions must be made from the actual accrued salary, as well as other equivalent payments, in accordance with the established tariff.

Organization of social insurance contributions

After wages are calculated, accounting for social insurance and security payments begins. The amount that the employer pays the employee monthly in the form of income for the performance of work duties is the tax base for calculating contributions to insurance funds. For organizations applying general tariffs, in 2021 the FSS rate is 2.9%. There is also a limit on the amount of annual income on which tax is not charged. For the current year it is equal to 718 thousand rubles.

The employer is obliged to independently calculate the amount of the insurance premium and transfer it by the 15th day following the reporting month. Every quarter, a legal entity submits a report to the Social Insurance Fund, which contains information on accrued and paid funds related to social insurance. Report form 4-FSS is submitted to the authorized body no later than the 20th day following the reporting quarter of the month. If documents are submitted electronically, the last day for submission is the 25th. The need to provide a report in advance may arise in the event of receiving compensation from the fund for overpaid funds.

Accounting for social insurance and security payments

Any employer, be it a company or an individual entrepreneur, if it has employees, is obliged not only to pay them wages, but also to incur a set of additional costs associated with mandatory payments for social insurance and employee benefits. Accounting for such expenses will be discussed in this article.

Social insurance calculations

Expenses for compulsory insurance of employees include contributions to the Pension Fund, Medical Insurance Fund and Social Insurance Fund. From the name of these authorities, it is generally clear that contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation affect the employee’s future pension, medical contributions finance mandatory compulsory medical insurance programs, and contributions to the Social Insurance Fund enable the employee, under an employment contract, to claim payment for a period of illness or, for example, vacation in connection with pregnancy and childbirth or child care at the expense of the employer. The rates at which contributions to the funds are paid are accepted at the following level for most employers:

• contributions to the Pension Fund – 22%,
• contributions to the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund – 5.1%,
• contributions to the Social Insurance Fund in case of temporary disability and in connection with maternity – 2.9%.

All of them are established by Federal Law of July 24, 2009 No. 212-FZ.

In addition, on the basis of Federal Law No. 125-FZ of July 24, 1998, firms and individual entrepreneurs are required to make contributions to the Social Insurance Fund for compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases. The rate on such contributions ranges from 0.2% to 8.5%, depending on the specific type of activity carried out by the employer and the associated professional risk class. The relationship between the class of professional risk and the insurance tariff is established by Article 1 of the Federal Law of December 22, 2005 No. 179-FZ. The level of risk and the corresponding rate of contributions for injuries are annually confirmed by employers in the Social Insurance Fund based on the most profitable type of activity based on the results of the past year.

All contributions are calculated based on the specific salary calculated for the employee at the end of the month.

Accounting for social insurance and security payments

Organizations that are required to maintain accounting records social insurance calculations in account 69 of the Chart of Accounts. It, in turn, is divided into subaccounts:

• 69.1 — Calculations for insurance premiums credited to the Social Insurance Fund,
• 69.2 — Calculations for insurance premiums credited to the Pension Fund of Russia,
• 69.3 — Calculations for insurance premiums credited to the FFOMS,
• 69.11 – Calculations for compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases.

The accrual of contributions is reflected on the credit side of these accounts, and on the debit side they correspond with cost accounts on which the company’s total monthly expenses for production or sales are calculated, i.e. 20,25, 26, 44. When paying the accrued amount, the credit balance for each of these accounts is written off through the debit of the same account in correspondence with account 51 - Current account, and thus the debt to the funds is reset to zero.

Example:

The wages accrued to employees of Alpha LLC in July 2016 amounted to 100,000 rubles. In this regard, the accountant will make the following entries in accounting:

D.20 (or 26.44, etc.) – K. 70 – 100,000 rubles – wages accrued,

D.20 – K. 69.1 – 2900 rubles – social insurance contributions to the Social Insurance Fund have been accrued,

D.20 - To 69.2 - 22,000 rubles - contributions have been accrued for the insurance part of the labor pension in the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation,

D.20. — By 69.3 – 5100 rubles – contributions to the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund are accrued,

D.20. - By November 69 - 200 rubles - contributions to the Social Insurance Fund for injuries have been accrued.

Further, the payment of wages and the transfer of contributions is reflected in the following transactions:

D.70 - K.68.1 - 13,000 rubles - personal income tax withheld from employees’ salaries,

D.70 – K.51 – 87,000 rubles – wages paid to employees,

D. 68.1 – K.51 – 13,000 rubles – personal income tax withheld from employees’ wages is listed.

D. 69.1 – K.51 – 2900 rubles – social insurance contributions to the Social Insurance Fund have been paid,

D. 69.2 - K.51 - 22,000 rubles - contributions have been paid for the insurance part of the labor pension to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation,

D. 69.3 – K.51 – 5100 rubles – contributions to the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund have been paid,

D. 69.11 – K.51 – 200 rubles – contributions to the Social Insurance Fund for injuries have been paid.

Individual entrepreneurs do not keep accounting records, but they carry out social insurance calculations according to the same principle - calculating contributions monthly, broken down into separate payments transferred to each fund.

Deadlines for payment of contributions and reporting for social insurance

Payment of accrued contributions must be made by the 15th day of the month following the billing month. And here it must be said that there is no such recipient of payments as a medical fund. The manager of contributions to the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund is the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, that is, it is to the Pension Fund that both the pension contributions themselves and medical contributions are transferred. In total, two separate payments in favor of the Pension Fund, and two more - for regular social insurance and for injuries - to the Social Insurance Fund. When transferring contributions, it is important to indicate the registration number of the employer in the purpose of payment, respectively in the Pension Fund and in the Social Insurance Fund. An important point: companies are assigned these numbers by default within a month after registration, but individual entrepreneurs receive them only after registering with the funds as an employer. And here you need to understand that by this time the entrepreneur already has a personal registration number with the Pension Fund of Russia - using it he pays his own fixed contributions. But when paying contributions for employees, you must indicate exactly the registration number in the pension fund that is assigned to it as an individual entrepreneur with employees, and not your own.

The same registration numbers in the Pension Fund and the Social Insurance Fund are required to be indicated when preparing reports. It is submitted to the funds based on the results of the quarter, half-year, 9 months and year, that is, indicators on wages and accrued contributions are indicated in it on an accrual basis. Both organizations and individual entrepreneurs have uniform reporting deadlines, as well as their forms themselves.

The social insurance report is submitted in Form 4-FSS, approved by Order No. 59 of the Federal Social Insurance Fund of Russia dated February 26, 2015. In paper form, it is submitted by the 20th day of the month following the end of the quarter. Those who report via electronic communication channels are given an extra 5 days to prepare - they can submit the report until the 25th of the month after the end of the quarter.

Reporting to the Pension Fund in the form RSV-1 of the Pension Fund (approved by Resolution of the Pension Fund of January 16, 2014 No. 2p) includes data on accrued and paid pension contributions and contributions to the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund. It is submitted on paper by the 15th day of every second month at the end of the quarter, that is, by May 15, August 15, November 15, February 15. Again, the deadline for filing reports in paper form is somewhat reduced. You must send your pension report electronically by the 20th day of the second month following the reporting quarter.

An example of calculating the monthly contribution to the Social Insurance Fund

Accounting for social insurance and security payments is made after wages are calculated. Let's say a hypothetical employee X is an employee of the main chocolate production department. He was paid a salary of 22 thousand rubles. It is necessary to determine the amount of the contribution to the Social Insurance Fund that the employer is obliged to pay for its employee. The accountant follows a simple sequence:

1. Calculate the amount to be charged: 18,000 × 2.9% = 522 rubles.
2. Accrue the contribution to the Social Insurance Fund: Dt 20 Kt 69.01 for 522 rubles.
3. Transfer funds to the Social Insurance Fund: Dt 69.01 Kt 51 for 522 rubles.

At this point, the company fulfilled its obligation to the social insurance fund for the past month.

Analytical accounting

To accumulate information about possible settlements in the field of social insurance, account No. 69 is provided. The following sub-accounts can additionally be opened to it:

1. social insurance;
2. calculations carried out in the field of pension provision;
3. in the field of health insurance (compulsory).

If an enterprise has additional payments in the field of social insurance, it has the right to open auxiliary subaccounts.

Deduction system

The account accumulates the total amount of payments in the field of security, as well as social insurance of all employees. In addition, the amounts for medical insurance (compulsory) are fixed here, which are subject to transfer to a specific fund. As a rule, the account has a credit balance, which indicates that the company is in debt. However, there are reverse options, that is, when the balance is debit. This indicates the presence of debt directly to the enterprise.

This situation arises if the amount of the company's contributions is significantly less than the amount that is paid to employees as assistance. These include various types of social benefits.

Changes in insurance premium rates

Analytical recording of data on the above account must be carried out in the context of each individual type of calculation, which is carried out by any business entity. An enterprise has the right to additionally open sub-accounts if it has payments in different types of social insurance. As an example, the subaccount “for accidents and occupational diseases” can be given. Depending on the direction of the business entity’s work, the need to open additional sub-accounts, as well as maintain appropriate records for them, will arise or, conversely, will disappear. As for individual entrepreneurs, if they do not have production, accounting for deductions will be significantly simplified. Since it is actually necessary to carry out the work of calculating and paying contributions from a working person. All information is provided on the website of the Social Insurance Fund.

Unified reporting form for mandatory contributions

Pension contributions

A person who works throughout his youth and adult life quite rightly deserves a comfortable old age. The pension fund carries out its activities so that the citizen “accumulates” for his length of service a portion of the pension due to him in old age. Like contributions to the Social Insurance Fund, calculations for social insurance and security in terms of pension contributions are entirely carried out by the employer.

In 2021, the PF contribution rate at the general rate is 22% of the employee’s income. The maximum annual earnings from which payments are calculated is 796 thousand rubles. For amounts exceeding this amount, 10% is charged, which must also be transferred to the Pension Fund.

In addition to independently calculating and accruing payments to the pension fund, the employer is also required to provide the following types of reporting within the deadlines established by law:

• form SZV-M on personal data of officially employed employees (full name, SNILS number) - monthly and no later than the 10th;
• form RSV-1 - for each quarter no later than the 15th day of the second month after the reporting month when compiled on paper and before the 20th day in electronic form.

The RSV-1 report contains detailed information about paid and additionally accrued amounts, tariffs for which calculations are made, as well as data from the policyholder. The form is a mandatory document for all types of organizations (including simplified tax system, OSNO and UTII).

About the insurance premium rate

The following rates are established by law for all employers:

The amount of state tax that is payable to the federal budget may be reduced by the amount of insurance premiums that are accrued for the same period, solely within the limits of the amounts that are calculated on the basis of the premium rates provided for by existing domestic legislation.

Insurance premium rate

Example of calculation of pension contributions

Contributions to the Pension Fund fall under the accounting of calculations for social insurance and security. Postings are made after payroll. For example, the salary of an accountant of a trading enterprise is 16 thousand rubles. The contribution to the Pension Fund at the general rate in this case will be: 16,000 × 0.22 = 3,520 rubles.

The posting is drawn up: Dt 44 Kt 69.02 for 3520 rubles. The transfer of funds to the Pension Fund is accompanied by the entry: Dt 69.02 Kt 51.

Charges from excess income amount

Now we will calculate the contribution to the Pension Fund for an employee with earnings exceeding 796 thousand rubles. in year. Deputy The boss receives a fixed income under a contract of 70 thousand rubles monthly. How much will you need to pay to the Pension Fund for this employee? Let's make the calculation:

• 796,000 ÷ 12 = 66,333 rub. – limit amount of wages per month for calculations at a rate of 22%;
• 66,333 × 0.22 = 14,593 rubles. – the amount of pension contributions from the maximum allowable salary;
• 70,000 – 66,333 = 3667 rub. – the amount exceeding the maximum income;
• 3667 × 0.1 = 367 rub. – contribution on excess income at a rate of 10%;
• 14,593 + 367 = 14,960 rub. – total amount of contribution to the Pension Fund for the month.

For the same amount of earnings, FSS will be assigned only for an amount not exceeding 718 thousand rubles. per year (59,833 per month). From the amount of excess, the social insurance rate, unlike the PF, is 0%

Medical support for citizens

The last social payment to the federal fund is health insurance. Its presence allows a citizen to receive qualified medical care free of charge. Contributions to the FFOMS are made monthly, from the entire amount of income, i.e., there is no taxable limit for this type of deduction. In general, the health insurance rate is 5.1%. Data on transfers are indicated in the RSV-1 reporting, which is submitted to the Pension Fund.

Let's determine the amount of contributions to the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and other social funds using an example: the salary of an employee of the main production amounted to 36 thousand rubles. Make calculations for social insurance and security. The postings will be done like this:

1. 36000 × 2.9% = 1044 rub. Dt 20 Kt 69.01 – contribution to the Social Insurance Fund is accrued.
2. 36000 × 22% = 7920 rub. Dt 20 Kt 69.02 – contribution to the Pension Fund is accrued.
3. 36000 × 5.1% = 1836 rub. Dt 20 Kt 69.03 – contribution to the FFOMS is accrued.

The transfer of funds to the appropriate funds will be confirmed by the entries: Dt 69.01, 69.02, 69.03 Kt 51.

Social insurance expenses

All mandatory social contributions for companies are established by Federal Law No. 212 of 2009. According to the law, mandatory payments include:

• Contributions to the Pension Fund . They make up 22% of the average monthly salary and affect the calculation of social pensions for employees in the future;
• Contributions to the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund . They make up 5.1%, they go towards compulsory forms of health insurance, regardless of whether the employee has insurance in a private organization;
• Contributions to the Social Insurance Fund . Account for 2.9%. Necessary in case of temporary disability of an employee (sick leave), some maternity benefits.

Depending on the type of activity in the Russian Federation, a separate type of payments to the Social Insurance Fund has been developed - they are aimed at insurance against accidents and work-related injuries, as well as towards payment for treatment for occupational diseases. The rate for such contributions varies from 0.2 to 8.5% and directly depends on working conditions. The regulation of payments, as well as the determination of enterprise risk, is regulated by Federal Law No. 125 of 1998 and Federal Law No. 179 of 2005.

All mandatory insurance premiums are calculated from the employee’s salary at the end of each month. You can check the payments made by the employer on the Social Insurance Fund website, and some organizations include this item in the monthly salary receipt.

Application of reduced tariffs

Some enterprises can count on a reduction in rates for payments to social funds in 2021.
The conditions that must be observed are given in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. The table indicates legal entities and preferential rates for social payments that may be applied. Reduced rates for 2021

Year after year, the calculations for social insurance and security are being reformed and improved. A greater number of benefits are being created for employers to encourage them to pay social benefits in good faith.

Control of settlements under Social Insurance Fund, Pension Fund and Federal Compulsory Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund

Like checking any other data, auditing calculations for social insurance and security is an integral part of the organization of accounting. The main goal pursued by reconciling indicators with actual values ​​for social payments to federal funds is to establish the accuracy of the base calculations, the amounts of social contributions themselves, reflection in accounting registers and the preparation of reporting documents.

An auditor verifying social insurance calculations must pay attention to the accuracy of:

• payroll calculations;
• application of tariff rates;
• accrual of benefits from federal social funds;
• accounting records confirming the fact of accrual and transfer of insurance premiums;
• data from the general ledger and the column “Calculations for social insurance and security” in the balance sheet for account 69;
• drawing up reporting documents on social insurance and timely submission of them to the relevant authorities.

The calculation, accrual and use of insurance funds for citizens is based on reliable data on the amount of earnings and if there are justified reasons for the use of reduced tariffs, zero rates or the complete absence of transfers. In cases established by law, an enterprise can always count on reimbursement of funds overpaid to the funds. The essence of social insurance and security calculations is to protect the country’s population and provide support in the most necessary life situations, without burdening the business segment with unbearable expenses.