How the standard safety instructions are applied

Let's turn to the legislation

Let's consider what legislative acts regulate occupational safety instructions in the workplace:

• Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation states that the employer is obliged to ensure the development and approval of rules and instructions on occupational safety for employees, taking into account the opinion of the trade union;
• The procedure for developing and approving IOT for employees is specified in the Methodological Recommendations for the development of state regulatory requirements for labor protection, approved. Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation dated December 17, 2002 No. 80;
• instructions for the development of IOT are contained in Letter of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated March 3, 2017 No. 15-2/OOG-546.

What is needed at the enterprise

The employer must have instructions:

1. About first aid.
2. On fire safety.
3. For each position.
4. In the most traumatic areas of activity (when working with electricity, at heights, on vehicles, etc.).

The obligation to develop this document is enshrined in Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Neglect on the part of the employer is punishable by a fine of up to 200,000 rubles or imprisonment for up to 5 years. Ignoring safety requirements by workers leads to injuries.

What kind of document is this

The Occupational Safety Instruction (OSI) is a local regulatory act that establishes specific responsibilities of an organization’s employees to comply with safe work requirements. There are several types of instructions:

• by position. For example, instructions for a teacher or a cook;
• when performing specific work. For example, instructions on labor safety when performing excavation work;
• which contain rules of conduct for personnel in the event of an emergency. For example, occupational safety instructions for anti-terrorist safety or in case of fire.

The requirements are mandatory, and failure to comply with them is equivalent to a violation of labor discipline.

What is important to understand when developing a job description: occupational health and safety is not limited to the presence of individual IOT. The employer is obliged to organize and conduct occupational safety training for its staff - this is indicated in Art. 225 Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Orcaris

Limited Liability Company "__________"

ORDER No._________

Yekaterinburg From "___" __________20___

On the organization of work on labor protection and safety of office employees.

In order to create healthy and safe working conditions, in accordance with the “Fundamentals of the legislation of the Russian Federation on labor protection”.

I ORDER:

Approve and put into effect from __.__.____instructions on occupational health and safety for office employees

1. The head of the Division Last Name Initials conduct induction training for all new employees.
2. For the Head of Department Last Name Initials to keep a log of registration of induction training.

Entrust control over the execution of the order to the Head Division Last Name Initials

CEO __________

Application

To the Order dated __.__._________

№__

Occupational health and safety instructions for office employees.

1. General safety requirements.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

3. Safety requirements during operation

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5. Safety requirements after completion of work

1. General safety requirements

1.1. Scope of the Instructions.

This Instruction defines labor protection requirements for office employees of LLC "___________" (hereinafter referred to as the Company's employees).

1.2. Requirements for Company employees and training.

1.2.1. Employees who come to work for the first time or again at LLC "_________" are allowed to work independently only after completing an introductory briefing on labor protection and safety regulations in the office.

1.2.2. Each briefing of Company employees must end with a mandatory assessment of their understanding.

1.2.3. Conducting all types of briefings must be recorded in the briefing logs with the obligatory signatures of the person who received and conducted the briefing.

1.2.4. Each Company employee must:

• know where the first aid kit is stored;
• be able to act correctly in the event of an emergency.

1.3. Dangerous and harmful production factors.

The work of the Company’s employees may be accompanied by the presence of the following dangerous and harmful production factors:

1.3.1. work on personal computers - limited motor activity, monotony and significant visual strain;

1.3.2. working with electrical appliances (lighting devices, household appliances, printers, scanners and other types of office equipment) - increased voltage in the electrical circuit;

1.3.3. work outside the organization (on the way to the place of business trip and back) - moving vehicles (cars and other types of transport), unsatisfactory condition of the road surface (ice, uneven roads, etc.)

1.4. Requirements for work premises and workplace equipment.

1.4.1. Premises intended to accommodate workplaces equipped with personal computers should be equipped with sun-protection devices (blinds, curtains, etc.).

1.4.2. All rooms with personal computers must have natural and artificial lighting.

1.4.3. The use of open lamps (without fittings) in general lighting installations is prohibited.

1.4.4. To combat dust in the air, it is necessary to carry out wet cleaning and regular ventilation of the room.

1.4.5. The workplace should include: a desk, a chair (chair) with an adjustable seat height.

1.5. Responsibility of the Company's employees.

The Company's employees are responsible in accordance with current legislation for compliance with the requirements of the Instructions, industrial injuries and accidents that occurred through their fault.

1. 2. Safety requirements before starting work

Before starting work, the employee must:

2.1. Arrive at work in advance to avoid rushing and, as a consequence, falls and injuries, while:

• do not go up or down flights of stairs;
• do not sit or lean on fences or random objects;
• pay attention to safety signs, signals and comply with their requirements;
• Do not start work while under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

2.2. Inspect the workplace and equipment. Remove all unnecessary items.

2.3. Clean your personal computer display screen from dust. Adjust the height and angle of the screen.

2.4. Adjust the chair height. Check the serviceability of the equipment.

2.5. Immediately report any deficiencies and malfunctions noticed to the supervisor and do not begin work until the problems are resolved and the supervisor’s permission is given.

2.6. During work, it is necessary to comply with internal labor regulations.

1. 3. Safety requirements during operation

When working in the office, employees must comply with the following requirements:

3.1. At workplaces equipped with personal computers:

3.1.1. Pregnant women, from the moment pregnancy is established, are transferred to jobs that do not involve the use of personal computers, or work time is limited to no more than 3 hours per work shift.

3.1.2. The screen should be 5 degrees below eye level, and located in a straight plane or tilted towards the operator (15 degrees).

3.1.3. The distance from the operator’s eyes to the screen should be within 60 - 80 cm.

3.1.4. The local light source in relation to the workplace must be located in such a way as to prevent direct light from entering the eyes, and must provide uniform illumination on a surface of 40 x 40 cm, and not create blinding glare on the keyboard and other parts of the console, as well as on the screen of the video terminal in direction of the worker's eyes.

3.1.5. To reduce visual and general fatigue, after each hour of working behind a screen, you should use regulated breaks lasting 5 minutes, during which you can rest.

3.1.6. It is necessary to keep the workplace tidy and clean throughout the working day. During the work shift, the display screen must be cleaned of dust at least once.

3.1.7. During work it is prohibited:

• touch the back panel of the system unit (processor) when the power is on;
• switch connectors of interface cables of peripheral devices when the power is on;
• clutter the top panels of devices with papers and foreign objects;
• allow the workplace to become cluttered;
• turn off the power while performing an active task;
• prevent moisture from getting on the surface of the system unit (processor), monitor, working surface of the keyboard, disk drives, printers and other devices;
• turn on very cool equipment (brought from outside in winter);
• independently open and repair equipment.
• use removable storage media of low quality and other organizations to avoid infecting your computer with viruses.

3.2. When working with electrical appliances and office equipment (personal computers, printers, scanners, photocopiers, faxes, household electrical appliances, lighting devices),

3.2.1. The employee must check that:

3.2.1.1. Circuit breakers and electrical fuses must always be in good working order.

3.2.1.2. The insulation of electrical wiring, electrical appliances, switches, sockets, lamp sockets and lamps, as well as cords with which electrical appliances are connected to the electrical network, were in good condition.

3.2.1.3. To heat water, use only certified electrical appliances with a closed spiral and an automatic shut-off device, using fireproof stands.

3.2.2. An employee is prohibited from:

• use faulty electrical appliances and wiring;
• clean the switched-on lighting devices and electric lamps from dirt and dust;
• repair electrical appliances yourself;
• hang electrical wires on nails, metal and wooden objects, twist the wire, lay wires and cords on water pipes and heating radiators, hang something on the wires, pull the plug from the socket by the cord;
• simultaneously touch a personal computer and devices connected to the ground (heating radiators, water taps, pipes, etc.), as well as touch electrical wires that are not insulated or fenced with live parts of electrical devices, apparatus and appliances (sockets , cartridges, switches, fuses);
• use household electrical appliances and portable lamps intended for indoor use outdoors;
• use homemade electric heating devices and electrical appliances with an open spiral;
• step on portable electrical wires lying on the floor.

3.2.3. When there is a power outage and when leaving the workplace, turn off the equipment.

3.3. On the way to and from your business trip:

3.3.1. Avoid extreme conditions along the route.

3.3.2. Observe traffic rules and rules of conduct in vehicles.

3.3.3. Use caution when avoiding vehicles and other obstacles that limit visibility of the roadway.

3.3.4. During periods of unfavorable weather conditions (ice, snowfall, fog), take special care.

1. 4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Immediately stop work, turn off the personal computer and other electrical equipment and report to the work manager if:

• mechanical damage and other defects in electrical equipment and wiring were detected;
• there is an increased noise level during equipment operation;
• there is increased heat generation from equipment;
• The screen flickering does not stop;
• there is text jumping on the screen;
• there is a smell of burning and smoke;
• The power supply has been interrupted.

4.2. Do not start work until the faults are completely eliminated.

4.3. In the event of a fire or fire, workers must immediately stop work, turn off electrical appliances, call the fire brigade, inform the work manager and begin to eliminate the fire using the available primary fire extinguishing equipment.

4.4. In case of injury, first of all, release the victim from the traumatic factor, notify the work supervisor, call for medical assistance, provide first aid to the victim and, if possible, keep the situation unchanged until the investigation into the causes of the accident begins.

1. 5. Safety requirements after completion of work

5.1. Tidy up your workspace.

5.2. Turn off and de-energize the equipment.

5.3. When working in shifts, hand over the workplace in working condition to each shift.

5.4. When leaving the building, a Company employee is obliged to:

• make sure there is no moving traffic;
• walk on sidewalks and pedestrian paths.

Development order

OSH manuals (for example, occupational safety instructions for the security service or any other) are developed in the following order:

• the employer issues an order and draws up a list of professions and types of work for which IOT is required;
• the list is approved by the employer;
• department heads develop IOT projects;
• projects are coordinated with the trade union or other authorized body of workers in the manner specified in Art. 372 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation for the adoption of local regulations;
• after agreement, they are approved by the head of the organization. The title page indicates the name of the organization, date, information about the persons who approved the document;
• Employees, upon signature, familiarize themselves with the documents they need on occupational safety (including when hiring, transferring, briefings, making changes or introducing new ones);
• information about the rules is entered into a special IOT accounting journal (more details about the journal can be found in Letter of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated September 15, 2016 No. 15-2/OOG-3318).

When developing documents, you should consider:

• requirements contained in interindustry or industry standard guidelines for occupational safety;
• requirements for safe operation set out in the operation and repair manuals of equipment manufacturers and in the technological documentation of the enterprise, taking into account specific production conditions;
• materials of accidents that occurred at the enterprise, in order to avoid their recurrence.

Are labor safety instructions required?

Instructions can be drawn up for a position, profession or type of work determined by the nature of the organization's activities. In 2020, there are 725 standard instructions in force. From January 1, 2021, some of them will lose force in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 08/04/2020 No. 1181 and orders of relevant ministries.

The lack of instructions is an administrative violation and provides for the imposition of a fine on the organization, individual entrepreneur or employee responsible for safety (Article 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation). The amount of the fine for “ordinary” individuals and individual entrepreneurs is from 2,000 to 5,000 rubles, for organizations - from 50,000 to 80,000 rubles.

The employer's internal instructions on labor protection are formed on the basis of standard ones developed by government authorities (Article 216 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). There are industry-specific and inter-industry standard instructions .

The scope of application of the former is limited to a specific industry and narrow work specializations. Cross-industry ones are more universal. Coordination of industry-specific instructions and approval of inter-industry standard instructions is carried out by the Ministry of Labor of Russia.

Update

Once every five years, inspections are carried out, and, if necessary, the IOT is reviewed to determine the relevance of the requirements contained in it.

Before the expiration of the specified period, the occupational safety manual is changed if:

• changes were made to inter-industry and sectoral occupational safety rules and standard guidelines;
• working conditions have changed;
• new technologies and equipment were introduced;
• such a need is confirmed by the results of an analysis of industrial accidents, accidents, and occupational diseases;
• a request from a government agency has been received.

If during the period of validity of the occupational safety manual the employee’s working conditions have not changed, then the validity of the document is extended for the next period.