What are the causes of industrial injuries?
Prevention of injuries at work is the early prevention of an accident. A set of procedures ensures additional safety for employees. Here are the main types of cases:
- road accident;
- falling from height;
- landslides;
- injuries from flying or moving objects;
- electric shock;
- very high or low temperatures;
Reminder for reducing injuries
- intoxication with harmful substances;
- radiation;
- physical overload;
- suffocation or drowning;
- murder or serious bodily harm;
- injuries caused by contact with animals;
- natural disasters: earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, etc.
The probability of accidents is determined by the professional activities of the enterprise and working conditions. If there is an electrician on staff, then there is a danger of electric shock, a programmer can get radiation from computer equipment, and in the medical field there is a high probability of an accident if a paramedic works in an ambulance. After such cases, an employee’s illness is considered an occupational disease. That is why it is worth identifying the reasons related to production:
- technical deficiencies of equipment;
- improper operation of equipment;
- violation or imperfection of the technological process;
- failure to comply with safety rules;
Injury prevention scheme
- road accident;
- poor organization of work;
- poor safety at work or poor quality training for employees;
- employees are not provided with personal protective equipment;
- use of the workplace for other purposes;
- violation of discipline.
For your information! All reasons are divided into several categories. They can be technical, personal or related to organizational issues.
Prevention of occupational injuries
Occupational injuries and measures to prevent them are necessary because even the most qualified employees do not always understand the danger they can be exposed to if they do not follow safety rules. To exclude the possibility of getting a disease, it is worth understanding that injuries are not an accident, but most often a disorganized work process or the negligence of employees.
Causes of industrial injuries
If a person does not follow the recommendations of safety personnel or does not take instructions seriously, injury may result. That is why preventive procedures play an important role. The more a person is exposed to prevention, the more prepared he will be during an emergency and avoid injury. The organization of measures to combat accidents is controlled by the administration, and it is she who appoints people who control the preventive process.
Note! The main activities are detailed instructions. If a person violates safety rules, he is given a warning. If violations occur repeatedly, the employee may lose his job.
Preventing workplace injuries
How it is carried out at the enterprise
Security personnel should be responsible for organizing preventive measures. List of sequential stages:
- Analysis and identification of dangerous situations.
- Regular recording of violations.
- Conducting training for production workers.
- Eliminating the causes of possible injuries.
- Carrying out explanatory work.
- Checking working conditions.
- Application of administrative and material measures.
- Employee training.
- Improvement of employee qualifications.
- Train workers to recognize the signs of hazardous situations.
Prevention does not always help to avoid accidents at work. If a tragedy occurs, security officers are required to investigate all the circumstances of the case. After the investigation comes to an end, advanced methods of preventing injuries and occupational diseases are introduced into production.
Prevention methods
Basic measures to prevent accidents at work
Below is a list of activities related to the prevention of dangerous situations:
- conducting instructions. There may be several such events: an introductory procedure, periodic explanations, unscheduled briefings and repeated ones, if necessary;
- preliminary conversations before a new employee begins the work process and provision of additional instructions directly at the workplace;
- specialized safety training.
Some organizations provide special corners for the study of safety precautions, which in a visual way or with the help of theoretical material make it possible to supplement the knowledge of employees. If we are talking about an enterprise whose activities are specific, the special aspects of the work are prescribed in the job description, and the new employee signs an agreement that he has taken into account all the risks.
List of main events
What are accidents, legal norms
An industrial accident is a sudden, detrimental to the health of an employee incident that occurred directly during the performance of job duties, as well as on the way to or while returning from work.
In addition, such accidents include incidents that occurred with an employee in the process of following management’s instructions, even if these functions were not part of his job responsibilities.
The severity of the injuries and the specific harm to the employee’s health can only be determined by doctors during the examination of the victim.
The classification of industrial accidents and their regulations are established by the following regulatory documents:
- Rosstat Order No. 216, adopted in 2013. It records the attachment to the approved Form No. 7 regarding the causes of accidents.
- Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 160, adopted in 2005. Concerns the determination of the severity of injuries received by an employee at work.
- Article 227 of the Russian Labor Code. Establishes that all industrial accidents are subject to mandatory investigation. This article also states that an employee injured at work is entitled to compensation, the amount of which depends on the severity of the injuries.
An accident is recognized as an industrial accident if there is an order from the company management to perform specific work during which it occurred.
Important
It’s not just full-time employees who can suffer at work. A person who was on the territory of the enterprise and carried out some orders from the administration can be recognized as a victim.
All accidents are divided into:
- Occurred directly in the course of performing specific job duties, as well as during a work break.
- Occurred through the fault of an employee. For example, he was drunk. Or tried to commit unauthorized actions, an intentional crime.
Only a thorough investigation can establish the employee’s guilt in an accident.
Ways to monitor the health status
Methods for analyzing industrial injuries
A special department should control the process. If the organization is large, then this should be a whole staff of employees. Below is a list of responsibilities of the security service, participants in injury prevention:
- control over employees and their managers;
- checking compliance with requirements and adherence to regulations and the company's charter;
- compliance with the collective agreement and job description;
- provision and use of personal protective equipment;
- accident prevention;
- investigations of dangerous situations that have already occurred;
- planning activities to improve working conditions and safety;
- research into possible causes of injury;
- compliance with the instructions of state supervision and control bodies;
- compliance with labor protection requirements.
Important! Each organization should have detailed instructions for each event and organizational process.
The most common cause of workplace injuries is poor employee awareness. That is why competent organization of preventive measures is important. The main job of the safety service is not only to instruct and supervise work, but also to eliminate factors that could provoke an accident.
Action plan to prevent accidents at work
There are acute and chronic occupational diseases. Acute diseases include occupational diseases that arise suddenly (during one work shift) due to exposure to harmful production factors that greatly exceed the maximum permissible level or maximum permissible concentration.
An occupational disease in which two or more workers fall ill is called a group occupational disease. An acute occupational disease is possible in the form of eye burns from ultraviolet radiation when performing welding work, poisoning with chlorine, carbon monoxide, etc.
Technical measures to prevent accidents
The main organizational measures to prevent industrial injuries should include timely and high-quality implementation of:
- e) special training;
- d) emergency and fire training;
- f) improving the qualifications of employees.
- a) training in labor protection and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements, safe methods and techniques for performing work;
- b) all types of labor safety and fire safety briefings;
- c) internships and duplication;
Important organizational measures for the prevention of accidents at work are the development and effective functioning of an occupational safety and health management system, the distribution of responsibilities in the field of labor protection and safety among officials of the organization; appointment of responsible persons for the good condition and safe operation of buildings, structures, machines, mechanisms,
A set of measures carried out to prevent industrial injuries and prevent them
d. The manager is obliged to check compliance with all standards established at the enterprise at least once a month. For this purpose, appropriate specialists are involved.
Once a quarter, a commission is created to inspect all production departments.
Compliance with all requirements, the conduct and execution of briefings, the technical condition of equipment and buildings, and the elimination of previously identified violations are checked.
It is necessary to check compliance with all standards for each workplace. Activities may also be of a technical nature. There is
Prevention of industrial accidents
d.; length and number of communications (electricity network, sewerage, water supply, ventilation); the possibility of placing collective protection equipment for workers and fire alarms in the premises; the possibility of modernizing premises or their components if production expands.
Obviously, there are only two options: choose a ready-made room or design a building from scratch. The first option is less expensive, especially when the premises are rented. But if you locate production in an old building, measures to reduce injuries may not be effective.
Approximate Departmental Action Plan to Reduce Occupational Injuries!
The Department of Labor Conditions and Safety Valery Anatolyevich Korzh was given the order:
- provide methodological assistance in the development of departmental plans to reduce occupational injuries;
- ensure, by May 17, 2021, the approval of departmental action plans to reduce occupational injuries.
- prepare, by February 28, 2021, methodological recommendations for the development of departmental plans to reduce occupational injuries;
And now the action plan itself.
1. Conducting a detailed analysis of the state of fatal injuries in the industry by:
- types of accidents at work;
- individual employers (groups of employers);
- subjects of the Russian Federation;
- the type(s) of economic activity of organizations included in the industry;
- the main causes of accidents at work;
Planning occupational safety measures is one of the ways to prevent accidents at work
Planning of activities that require significant financial costs and a long period of time for their implementation can be carried out for 2-3 years. When planning and developing activities, the following main tasks are envisaged:
- provision, in accordance with established standards, with sanitary facilities equipped with the necessary means and devices;
- elimination (reduction) of occupational risks, improvement of working conditions and safety, prevention of industrial injuries and occupational morbidity;
- information support for labor protection activities;
- training on occupational safety issues;
- introduction of best practices and scientific developments in labor protection.
Planning and development of measures is carried out on the basis of the requirements of legislative acts in the field of labor protection, as well as on the basis of analysis:
Action plan to prevent accidents from exposure to electric current
I instruct you to bring information to the organization’s personnel regarding the planning and implementation of measures to improve work aimed at preventing accidents from exposure to electric current, and also to send reports on the work done to the department for state energy supervision in the Murmansk region of the North-Western Department of Rostechnadzor later 09/05/2013 to the email address: V.I. Antonov Appendix.
Analysis of the circumstances and causes of fatal accidents at power plants supervised by Rostechnadzor for 6 months of 2013 1.
Prevention of industrial accidents and occupational diseases
Categories of severity of industrial accidents:
- lungs;
- severe (determined in accordance with the Scheme for determining the severity of health damage in industrial accidents, approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated February 24, 2005 No. 160);
In addition, accidents happen:
- fatal accidents.
- group (2 or more people were injured);
Sources of danger and factors dangerous to the life and health of people at the enterprise:
- drives, tools;
- moving parts of production equipment;
- motor vehicles, railway transport and other moving machines and mechanisms;
- gripping and holding devices;
- servers
- workplaces located at a significant height relative to the ground;
Methods and means of preventing accidents and occupational diseases
improvement of fencing designs; 2. periodic inspection of lifting machines and power equipment; 3.
Carrying out periodic inspections of the condition of electrical equipment; 4. monitoring the technical condition of tools, machines and equipment, reliability of personal protective equipment; 5.
Occupational injuries and measures to prevent them
When investigating an accident, the victim (his authorized representative) has the right to take part in the investigation of the accident, participate in the investigation as part of the commission, and send the investigation materials to the Social Insurance Fund for the assignment of insurance payments. The chairman of the commission is obliged to provide legal assistance, incl. The following may consider the application of an injured employee if he disagrees with the result of the investigation: the State Labor Inspectorate in a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, the Federal Labor Inspectorate, or the court.
The degree of guilt of the victim as a percentage in an accident on
ON APPROVAL OF THE PLAN OF ACTIONS TO IMPROVE OCCUPATIONAL CONDITIONS AND SAFETY, PREVENT OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AND OCCUPATIONAL ILLNESS IN THE TERRITORY OF VLADIVOSTOK CITY DISTRICT FOR 2014 - 2021 (as amended on: 26.04 .2016)
No. Name of event Duration Performers 1 2 3 4 1.
Methodological support for the work of labor protection services 1.1.
Methodological support for the work of labor protection services of organizations of all organizational and legal forms located on the territory of the Vladivostok urban district, including: - holding seminars on labor protection with managers and labor protection specialists of organizations of all organizational and legal forms located on the territory of the Vladivostok urban district ;- assistance in the implementation of a labor protection management system in organizations of all organizational and legal forms (extended seminars with the participation of control and supervisory authorities, heads of organizations, trade unions); - conducting monitoring studies in organizations of all organizational and legal forms located on the territory of the Vladivostok city districts: regarding security training
