Normative base
Federal Law of December 21, 1994 N 69-FZ “On Fire Safety”
Federal Law of July 22, 2008 N 123-FZ “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements”
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 N 390 “On fire safety regime”
Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated December 12, 2007 N 645 “On approval of fire safety standards “Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations”
Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated February 24, 2009 N 91 “On approval of the form and procedure for registering a fire safety declaration”
The responsible person is primarily guided in his activities by:
- Federal Laws No. 69-FZ dated December 21, 1994 and No. 123-FZ dated July 22, 2008;
- Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated April 25, 2012 No. 390;
- provisions of the Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated December 12, 2007 No. 645;
- requirements of the Instructions for ensuring fire safety at the enterprise.
Who can be appointed responsible
The head of the company is, first of all, the person responsible for fire safety. He selects other company employees, whom he designates as responsible for fire safety in the enterprise.
When selecting these persons, he must take into account that these workers must undergo fire-technical minimum training. This training is periodic and should be completed every five years. It is conducted by specialized training centers. Training costs are borne by the enterprise itself.
There is a separate fire safety training program for managers.
Currently, some universities are graduating fire safety specialists. However, such specialists are usually included in the staff of large and medium-sized companies.
Only an appropriately trained official is authorized to provide fire safety instructions.
Sample order for the appointment of a person responsible for fire safety at an enterprise
The requirements for the Instructions are given in Section XVIII of the Rules approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No. 390, the main of which are:
- procedure for maintaining the territory and evacuation routes;
- the procedure for inspecting and closing production premises upon completion of work;
- location of smoking areas;
- frequency of cleaning of production premises;
- responsibilities of personnel in case of fire.
Who prepares the documents
The head of the enterprise under Part 1 of Art. 38 Federal Law No. 69 of December 21, 1994 is responsible for compliance with safety standards and taking measures to prevent fires. Nothing additional is required for the manager himself. But the legislator allowed the appointment of an employee responsible for complying with fire safety standards.
A universal template for an order on fire safety in an organization in 2021 has not been developed. Resolution No. 390 contains only requirements for general format instructions.
The organization is obliged to develop and approve local regulations and fire safety instructions. This is the function of the specialist responsible for compliance with fire safety measures in the organization.
Sample order for approval of fire safety instructions as amended in 2021
The instructions must identify persons (by position) who are responsible for:
- notification of a fire;
- organization of personnel evacuation;
- functioning of automatic fire extinguishing and warning systems;
- fire safety by department, etc.
Specific (named) responsible persons are appointed, as a rule, in each division by separate orders for the organization.
What needs to be done before and after appointing a person in charge
Before appointing a person in charge, it is necessary to obtain his consent to this action. Since forced labor is prohibited in the country, it is impossible to simply assign these duties to an employee. In addition, by law, the person responsible for fire safety must have special knowledge.
Therefore, if the employee agrees, but does not have the knowledge to do so, special training must be organized. It can also be carried out after the appointment of a person in charge, but it is still recommended to attach a copy of the supporting document on training to the order.
It is also necessary to decide whether the position of the responsible person will exist additionally at the enterprise, or whether the responsibilities will be assigned to an existing employee engaged in his own business (for example, a person responsible for labor protection).
In the first case, you will need to enter the corresponding position with your salary into the staffing table; in the second, you will need to prepare and make changes to the employee’s job description.
After appointment, the main concern falls on the shoulders of the person in charge, who will monitor how fire safety is maintained at the enterprise by implementing:
- Registration and maintenance of the necessary documentation - you will need to draw up instructions for evacuation, actions in case of fire, and the use of primary extinguishing agents. In addition, several logs will need to be maintained, including fire extinguisher inspections;
- Organization of training - the person in charge will need to regularly instruct employees with the preparation of the necessary logs, organize training for specialists appointed responsible in departments, etc.
- Carrying out inspections - plan and periodically conduct inspections of the fire safety condition of the organization and extinguishing means;
- Monitor the provision of technical means - it is necessary that fire safety signs are installed, evacuation routes are marked, fire shields are formed, etc.
- Development of evacuation plans - they are drawn up for each department, coordinated with the fire department, and then posted in prominent places.
- Control of contractors - if contractors work on the company’s territory, it is necessary to conduct instructions, check fire safety on site, and sign permits for hazardous work.
Sample of a standard order for the appointment of a person responsible for fire safety as amended in 2021
In accordance with paragraph 3 of the Fire Safety Rules, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No. 390, employees of enterprises and organizations are allowed to work only after undergoing training in fire fighting measures.
For this purpose, the organization issues an order to conduct fire safety training, which determines the procedure, timing of training and the person responsible for maintaining the appropriate log recording the results of the training.
Order on the procedure for employees in the event of a fire
The order on the procedure for employees to act in the event of a fire also applies to purely internal documents. The registration procedure is also regulated by government decree No. 390.
As the name implies, the document has specific instructions on the sequence of actions not only of those responsible for industrial safety, but also of all personnel who will have to undergo additional training in connection with the issuance of the order.
Each document is drawn up depending on the specifics of the organization and specific circumstances. For example, if an office is on fire, and it has driveways, then the responsible employee will have to meet the Ministry of Emergency Situations team and direct them along the shortest or most convenient road.
Order on the procedure for employees upon detection of a fire in a preschool educational institution
Sample order for training
Training is carried out in the form of briefing and studying the fire-technical minimum. Only a trained person who has undergone special training at an educational institution, passed an exam and received documents authorizing him to conduct classes with employees and take an exam on their knowledge of the theoretical foundations and practical skills of fire fighting can train enterprise personnel.
After completing training and testing of knowledge, personnel can be allowed to work independently.
Who can be responsible for compliance with fire safety requirements?
The order to appoint a person responsible for fire safety gives the employee the authority to monitor compliance with the fire safety regime. It is impossible to oblige an employee to be responsible for this area without his consent, as well as without the appropriate level of special training.
An employee responsible for fire safety must have special knowledge: study the fire safety minimum in a special licensed institution outside of work.
There is no specific list of positions whose employees can or cannot be held responsible. This position can be filled by anyone who has completed training and has a certificate. In small companies, if it is convenient for managers, they can be personally responsible for compliance with fire safety requirements, assigning authority to themselves. Sole traders, who are responsible for all aspects of their business themselves, do not need to issue any order - they are responsible by default. Large companies introduce special positions or appoint occupational safety specialists, engineers or department heads to this role.
If the organization is branched, then a supervisory employee for the entire enterprise, as well as persons responsible for compliance with fire safety requirements in each department, must be appointed.
It is important to note that the responsibilities of verifying compliance with fire protection regulations are time-consuming. The employee's degree of workload with other responsibilities should allow him to exercise control in this area.
Sample fire declaration form
The declaration must be submitted in relation to:
- buildings of kindergartens and schools;
- homes for the disabled and elderly (non-apartment type);
- hospitals;
- buildings of boarding schools and children's organizations;
- industrial buildings with an area of over 1500 meters.
The declaration is submitted to the territorial fire supervision authorities in accordance with the notification procedure. When submitting a declaration, you don’t have to be afraid that upon receiving it, an inspector will immediately come running to you and find some kind of violation. The time will come, the inspector will still appear and find something. This is his job. But for failure to submit a declaration, financial liability is provided in the amount of:
- up to 5,000 rubles - for failure to fulfill obligations to provide the necessary information to the competent authorities (Article 19.7 of the Administrative Code);
- up to 200,000 rubles - for violating fire safety rules (Article 20.4 of the Administrative Code).
Order on establishing a fire safety regime at the facility
An order to establish a fire safety regime at a facility is most often found in the documentation of industrial enterprises or construction organizations.
The PPR is designed to optimize fire safety requirements and prevent the occurrence of fire hazards. The document also describes specific measures to create a PPR, for example, clearly indicating smoking areas or instructions on the storage of explosive substances.
Sample order to establish a fire safety regime at a facility
List of applications
Orders approve and put into effect instructions, lists of responsible persons, forms of permitting and prohibiting acts for carrying out fire, welding and other work.
The appendices to the order contain a list of persons responsible for security in units (offices, buildings, workshops, with a list of positions).
A list of persons included in the fire technical commission and their responsibilities is indicated.
Regulations for practical training with combat crews and conducting briefings with unit employees. Development of measures to improve the efficiency of all fire extinguishing systems.
The application may contain a training evacuation plan and a reminder in case of fire.
Persons with various approvals to work with flammable and combustible liquids are listed.
Attached is a general facility instruction on fire safety measures. This is a mandatory application for administrative documents in large organizations . It includes a list of general principles - what the document establishes, the main requirements for explosion protection of objects, the name of the production building, a list of penalties for non-compliance with safety rules.
The instructions contain instructions for maintaining the territory during seasonal periods. It includes orders to comply with the requirements for maintaining property and production facilities. Here the categories of fire hazard of premises, categories of electrical installations, the presence of shields or banners with the telephone number of the fire department, and the number of the inverter are determined. It is also necessary to indicate the person responsible for maintaining security. The procedure for action in case of fire must be determined.
