When and how can a teenager work?
According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, a teenager can start working without any problems at the age of 16.
If he has a desire to start working earlier - at 14, he can also start working, but only on the condition that he receives permission from a parent or guardian. It is worth understanding that you can only hire a teenager for light work that will not harm his physical or mental health.
No matter how eager a minor is to work, it is imperative to remember that work should under no circumstances interfere with attending school. Therefore, when drawing up a schedule for a minor, this circumstance must be taken into account.
You can also hire a teenager who is under 14 years old. Such a measure can be taken, for example, in a children's theater or circus, where children are involved in the troupe. However, you will also have to act with the consent of the adults responsible for the child. Parents or a guardian sign an employment contract on behalf of the child, which specifies all working conditions.
What is the essence of the amendments
Law No. 139-FZ amends Article 63 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (“The age at which it is permissible to conclude an employment contract”).
It clarifies that persons who have reached the age of 15, who have completed general education or are receiving another type of education, can enter into employment contracts to perform light work that does not cause harm to their health and without prejudice to their education. Employers will be able to conclude employment agreements with persons over 14 years of age. But for this it will be necessary to obtain the consent of one of the parents (guardian), as well as the guardianship and trusteeship authority. The work offered to a 14-year-old should also be easy, not harmful to health and not interfere with studies. In addition, the authorities adjusted the wording of Article 92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (“Reduced working hours”). In the new edition, the working hours for persons aged 16 to 18 years, receiving general or secondary vocational education and combining study with work during the academic year, should be no more than 17.5 hours per week. Workers under 16 years of age will not be able to work more than 12 hours a week. At the same time, Article 94 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation indicates the duration of the work shift for different ages. So, at the age of 14 to 15 years, the shift should not last more than 4 hours. Persons aged 15 to 16 years are allowed to set a shift lasting 5 hours, and those aged 16 to 18 years - 7 hours. If an employee under 18 years of age combines work with study, then his work shift should be shorter: 2.5 hours if the employee is 14-16 years old, and no more than 4 hours if the employee is from 16 to 18 years old.
The authors of the amendments noted that due to the lack of specificity in the wording of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation on the duration of the work shift, employers can set the length of the working day as beneficial to them. “Although a 14-year-old worker cannot work more than 24 hours a week during the summer holidays, formally the Labor Code of the Russian Federation does not establish a ban on all these 24 hours being worked in one working day,” emphasizes the former deputy chairman of the Duma Committee on constitutional legislation and state building Vadim Solovyov . According to him, 14-year-old citizens working during the summer holidays are the only category of minor workers for whom the Labor Code of the Russian Federation does not establish restrictions on the duration of daily work.
How many hours can a teenager work?
Children aged 14-15 years must work a strictly defined number of hours. Typically this figure is 24 hours a week, but only on rest days, i.e. school holidays. On days when a teenager is studying, he can work no more than 2.5 hours a day and no more than 12 hours a week.
Teenagers aged 16 to 18 have a slightly busier schedule. They are allowed to work on vacation days up to 35 hours a week. If work occurs on school days, no more than 4 hours a day and no more than 17.5 hours a week.
And the employer must strictly comply with these standards. Otherwise, not only the labor inspectorate, but also the guardianship council will come down on him with claims.
The employer forces you to work 14-15 hours a day, is there any way to intimidate me?
Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Article 94. Duration of daily work (shift)
The duration of daily work (shift) cannot exceed:
for workers (including persons receiving general education or secondary vocational education and working during vacations) aged from fourteen to fifteen years - 4 hours, from fifteen to sixteen years - 5 hours, from sixteen to eighteen years - 7 hours;
for persons receiving general education or secondary vocational education and combining education with work during the academic year, from fourteen to sixteen years old - 2.5 hours, from sixteen to eighteen years old - 4 hours;
for disabled people - in accordance with a medical report issued in the manner established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
For workers engaged in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, where reduced working hours are established, the maximum permissible duration of daily work (shift) cannot exceed:
with a 36-hour work week - 8 hours;
with a 30-hour work week or less - 6 hours.
An industry (inter-industry) agreement and a collective agreement, as well as with the written consent of the employee, formalized by concluding a separate agreement to the employment contract, may provide for an increase in the maximum permissible duration of daily work (shift) compared to the duration of daily work (shift) established by part the second of this article for workers engaged in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, subject to compliance with the maximum weekly working hours established in accordance with parts one - three of Article 92 of this Code:
with a 36-hour work week - up to 12 hours;
with a 30-hour work week or less - up to 8 hours.
Duration of daily work (shift) of creative workers of the media, cinematography organizations, television and video crews, theaters, theatrical and concert organizations, circuses and other persons involved in the creation and (or) performance (exhibition) of works, in accordance with the lists jobs, professions, positions of these workers, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, taking into account the opinion of the Russian Tripartite Commission for the Regulation of Social and Labor Relations, can be established by a collective agreement, a local regulatory act, or an employment contract.
Where should teenagers not work?
Also, when registering a teenager, it is worth remembering that there are a number of professions for which teenagers are strictly prohibited. This is work in nightclubs, bars, related to the gambling business, etc. Positions that involve a minor staying in a known harmful or dangerous place, for example, a chemical plant, are also prohibited.
Also, teenagers are not allowed to work night shifts, which for them are determined by the range from 22.00 to 06.00, and on holidays and weekends. Naturally, various business trips are also prohibited.
But it is still possible to find a suitable vacancy for child workers. They can act as assistants, work in gardening partnerships, etc. As a result, young people have a chance to earn their own money so as not to beg their parents for their needs and interests (cinema, ice cream, etc.).
Applications for teenagers for the “Summer in a new format” program have opened
launches free online summer employment programs for youth. As part of the “Summer in a New Format” project, teenagers will be able to spend their holidays with benefit, get acquainted with different professions, gain experience working in a team and the opportunity to develop the skills necessary for further successful career building. 3,000 people will take part in the project.
“We are giving teenagers the opportunity to spend this summer useful and interesting. Understand themselves, become more confident, gain new knowledge and skills that will become the key to their successful career in the future. The future begins now, and every day spent usefully today will become a stepping stone to success in adulthood,” said the director of the specialized Irina Shvets .
One of the Center’s summer programs will be the “Summer of My Career” , which will be held online from July 24 . The project is designed for students aged 14 to 17 with an active life position, striving to become the best version of themselves, to be useful to society, and wanting to build a career taking into account the demands of the time. Young Muscovites will be able to find answers to difficult questions about themselves and their abilities, become part of a unique city project, learn more about the professions of the present and improve the skills of the future.
As part of the project, young residents of the city will take part in webinars and business games, online excursions to large companies, and VIP lectures with fascinating stories from professionals. Participants will also be able to try on one of the specialties in a game format, for example, photographer, copywriter, IT specialist, video blogger, animation designer, etc. Participants will divide into teams and work on a project that is significant for the city. In the final, everyone will have the opportunity to draw up their own personal development map depending on their goal.
To take part in the online school, you must register on the website before June 29. Any young resident of Moscow who has a Moscow residence permit or registration can become a participant; only a small set of documents is needed. The first 1,000 people to register will be able to participate in the project.
Another program for this summer will be the interactive online camp “PROHeroes” for teenagers 14-17 years old who are in a socially dangerous situation and difficult life situation, who have turned for help to the Family and Childhood Support Centers of Moscow. As part of the project, young people, through exposure to heroic professions, will gain experience in caring for people and learn to work in a team. In particular, participants in the online camp will learn about the profession of a rescuer, master the skills of first aid, terrain orientation, search and rescue of people. They will also get acquainted with motor sports and the professions associated with it. They will be able to study the rules of the road and the structure of the car.
The online camp will be held in two shifts, lasting four weeks. The first stream will take place from June 29 to July 26, the second from August 3 to 30. In total, 1,000 people will be able to take part in the project.
Despite the online format, the guys will get to know other shift participants and make new friends with whom they will perform exciting tasks. Each day will be unique in its own way, only the morning warm-up will remain unchanged.
Also for minor residents of Moscow who receive support from family and childhood centers “My family organized the opportunity to undergo paid internships and become better acquainted with modern professions in government and non-profit institutions of the city. Young Muscovites will be able to gain their first work experience and master initial professional knowledge and skills in practice. 1,000 teenagers will take part in the internships. The temporary employment program will be held in two stages: the first wave will begin in July, the second in August.
During the internship, teenagers will be paid a stipend. Upon completion, each person will receive a personal description, which will further help to more consciously build their professional career.
Press service of the Department of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of Moscow
