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Published: 10/22/2016
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Religion and science do not approve of marriages between relatives. This is because the risk of having sick offspring is too high .
Meanwhile, history knows many facts of related marriages. They were not always concluded out of love. There were financial and geopolitical reasons for this.
- What does the law say?
- Conditions and reasons for strengthening ties between relatives
- Features of marriage
- Why is marriage between relatives considered undesirable?
- Interesting facts about consanguineous marriages in different countries and cultures
What does the law say?
In the medical encyclopedia, related (otherwise inbred) is a union between a man and a woman who have at least one common ancestor.
There is another term - “incest”, which means the entry into sexual relations of close relatives, incest.
The Bible and Koran condemn incest. History mentions tribes in which
In an effort to preserve the purity of the family, it was customary to marry relatives. Almost all of them are extinct or on the verge of degeneration.
Until now, in most civilized countries of the world, marriages between blood relatives to a certain degree of kinship are not just condemned by the public, but:
- Prohibited by law;
- Equal to a criminal offense.
The veto is explained not only by physiological, but also by moral considerations.
In Russia Art. 14 of the Family Code does not allow marriage between citizens who are related in a direct ascending/descending line:
- Parents, children;
- Grandfather, grandmother and grandchildren.
The same article prohibits weddings between:
- Brothers and sisters (full/half-blood);
- Adoptive parents and adopted children.
In this case, documentary confirmation or refutation of family ties in the registry office is not required.
In the latter case, the prohibition is unambiguous, but the creation of a family between a relative of the adoptive parent and the adopted child is permitted.
Meanwhile, the law in our country does not prevent the creation of a family between:
- Uncle and niece;
- Aunt and nephew;
- Cousins.
Although this is accepted and condemned by society, it is not formally prohibited, and therefore possible.
How is the relationship of persons entering into marriage checked?
Unfortunately, today no special checks are carried out to determine the status of family relationships of persons entering into marriage.
To register a marriage, only applications and passports of the future spouses are required. At the same time, it can be quite difficult to determine whether future spouses are relatives using a passport alone. So, for example, a brother and sister who have a common mother, but different fathers, as a rule, have different surnames. Their patronymics are also different. Therefore, it is simply impossible for a registry office employee to determine their relationship.
Sometimes persons getting married do not themselves know about their relationship, which may occur as a result of various life circumstances.
At the same time, the law on acts of civil legislation contains a provision that if the head of the registry office has information confirming the presence of circumstances that impede the conclusion of a marriage, he has the right to refuse its registration.
This means that interested persons who have relevant information and evidence have the right, after the relatives submit an application to the registry office, to present this evidence, thereby preventing such registration.
Conditions and reasons for strengthening ties between relatives
At the insistence of genetic scientists, in many progressive countries of the modern world, marriage between blood relatives is prohibited at the legislative level.
The Family Code of the Russian Federation also does not allow consanguineous people to join a family union.
relatives under no circumstances. In this case, even the woman’s possible pregnancy is not a basis for officially registering the relationship.
In fact, marriages between relatives can be registered. When submitting an application to the registry office, the law does not establish the obligation of newlyweds to confirm or deny existing kinship. If they are silent about the presence of family ties, the marriage will be registered, but subsequently it may be declared invalid.
Official registration of marital relations between the adoptive parent and the adopted child is possible only if the adoption is cancelled.
What does annulment lead to?
If the court recognizes the marriage as invalid, then it will be considered as such from the very beginning, that is, from the day of its official registration. This means that such a union is not capable of giving rise to any legal consequences. If a marriage contract was concluded during this marriage, it is also annulled from the date of its official conclusion.
Common property earned and acquired in such a union is subject to division in equal shares, according to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Children born in such a marriage have the right to rely on financial support from both parents. This means that the parent who will subsequently live separately must pay child support in the manner prescribed by law.
Those spouses who, due to various life circumstances, did not and could not know about the existence of family ties with their legal spouse also have the right to count on maintenance. They can receive such maintenance based on a court decision if they are declared incapacitated and in need of maintenance from their ex-spouse. A conscientious spouse also has the right to petition to maintain the concluded marriage agreement (contract) in force.
The ban on registering consanguineous marriages does not guarantee that persons related to each other by blood ties will not create families without official registration. Unfortunately, the law does not provide for any liability for persons who violate moral and medical prohibitions on incest. This means that, by and large, even the closest relatives can freely cohabit and have offspring.
Why is marriage between relatives considered undesirable?
The opinion that the closer the parents are in blood relationship, the mentally and physically weaker their offspring, has existed for more than a decade. This fact is explained by the fact that the probability of encountering the same pathological genes is too high.
We are talking about very serious defects: hemophilia, Down syndrome, dementia and other pathologies of the nervous system.
If, in an ordinary marriage, the likelihood of having a child with serious disabilities is:
- Genetic (congenital) defects;
- Mental retardation
is no more than 4%, then in a closely related marriage the risk increases 5 times.
Despite the fact that cousins are not blood relatives, it is also undesirable for them to start a family.
According to geneticist I. Gershkovich, in such a marriage the following increases compared to unrelated ones:
- 24% risk of stillbirth or intrauterine fetal death;
- 34% risk of baby death at an early age;
- There is a 48% risk of developing fetal deformities.
Another geneticist, Vladimir Pavlovich Efroimson, identified a stable pattern in the frequency of diseases, congenital deformities, mental and physical disabilities in children born as a result of consanguineous marriages . It is worth noting that his point of view on this issue is shared by specialists in many countries.
When studying hereditary diseases, great importance is given to consanguineous marriages, when parents have at least one common ancestor. The role of incest is especially significant in the study of rare hereditary diseases.
One of the mandatory conditions for concluding a marriage contract is the payment of state duty. You can, even if you live in different cities. How the procedure for ending a marriage occurs in this case, read here. From our detailed article you can learn how to divide a car during a divorce.
If there is attraction between the relatives of the wife and husband
This also happens, because people communicate quite closely, and passion can flare up between them. The relationship between the relatives of husband and wife is not entirely correct from the point of view of the laws of society and family values. However, their relationship is not by blood, but by marriage, so no one can officially forbid them to communicate. This attraction initially arises from ordinary mutual sympathy.
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Consequences of kinship alliances
Before deciding to enter into a relationship with relatives, even those not by blood, it is important to understand the consequences. This will leave an imprint for the rest of your life and will cause not only happiness, but also stress. Human psychology is such that relationships between relatives are perceived as a negative factor, and there are explanations for this.
The main consequences of such actions:
- Disapproval from religion, society, friends, family members.
- Genetic factor.
- Unnaturalness.
Of course, love is not always a predictable thing, but anyone can learn to control their emotions by being reasonable and being able to predict the outcome.
How to deal with love attraction between relatives
It should be understood that such relationships are unlikely to be approved by other family members. If you realize that this is not the path for you and want to cope with the situation, here are some tips:
1. Understand that any relationship goes through several stages. At first it is interest and passion. After some time, the attraction fades away, acquiring a different form, even to the point of rejection. Therefore, you should endure this period, realizing that falling in love will pass sooner or later.
2. If it's a cousin, try to treat them like your own brother or sister. In this case, the feelings become a little different, love remains, but without physical attraction.
3. Think about how it looks from the outside and how other family members will appreciate it. Falling in love on the part of the spouse's relatives occurs quite often, sometimes developing into long-term relationships. But just for fun, imagine who you will be to each other now. There is some confusion in the names of relatives.
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4. If things are difficult enough, try to limit communication for a while.
5. Find a replacement, communicate with other people of the opposite sex and do not refuse to go on a date. Believe me, there are a lot of interesting people in the world, and your person will definitely be among them.
6. Try to find and evaluate the reasons why the attraction arose. Romantic relationships between relatives are a consequence of close contact and similar interests.
7. Ask yourself the main questions: do I need it? Where it leads? Are there any prospects? And if children appear as a result, how will this have to be explained to them?
8. Think about genetics if you are cousins. Family ties have a bad impact on future generations.
9. If you are religious, talking to representatives of your religion will help. If not, then advice from an experienced psychologist on family relationships.
Such unions have a name. If you want to know what relationships between relatives are called , then it is “incest”, translated into Russian - incest. Typically applied to siblings, parents and children. However, unions between other family members are also not always approved. In some works, closely related relationships can also be referred to as inbreeding, although this term is more typical for zoology.
People are rational beings, and in addition to emotions and physical attraction, they have wisdom. It is this quality that allows you to control your psyche, creating a happy life for yourself. Everyone decides for himself which union is more acceptable to him, but one should not forget about rationality and the laws of nature.
Position of science
For a long time, scientists could not fully prove or disprove the influence of consanguineous marriages on congenital pathologies. They cited statistics that showed that the number of children born with various pathologies in families with drinking parents significantly exceeds the number of sick children from consanguineous marriages.
However, modern genetics has revealed the dependence of the appearance of children with various congenital physical and mental pathologies on parents who are relatives. This point of view is shared by scientists from many countries. It was even argued that marriages of more distant relatives were just as dangerous as closely related marriages.
But research in recent years has cast doubt on this.
In one of the settlements in Iceland, where consanguineous marriages existed for decades, medical records of the population were studied for 160 years. The study covered tens of thousands of people. As a result, it was revealed that children of relatives and cousins were often born with pathologies.
But the children from the marriages of more distant couples were healthy, mentally normal and very fertile - they had the most grandchildren.
There are no global conclusions on the issue of distant relative marriages, because Many issues related to deep genetic analysis have not been studied.
Everyone decides for themselves whether a consanguineous marriage is moral or immoral. Don’t just forget the text of Holy Scripture:
No one should approach any relative according to the flesh in order to reveal nakedness. I am the Lord. (Leviticus 18:6)
Source
Love between brother and sister
Love between a brother and a sister is considered an immoral act in human society, but this is everyone’s business, because some approve of such love, while others even condemn it. In this article we will look at the pros and cons of love between brother and sister, as well as some legislative and genetic aspects of this issue.
Making love between brother and sister in the scientific world is called Incest, which is prohibited in some countries of the world, up to the initiation of a criminal case.
WHAT IS THE MINUS OF LOVE BETWEEN A BROTHER AND A SISTER?
First of all, a big minus must be attributed to such love, because incest between close relatives is genetically incompatible and, if a couple consisting of not close relatives has a 3% risk of having a retarded and infertile child, then a couple consisting of brother and sister, this risk increases to 90%, and the risk of having a genetically retarded and infertile grandson (granddaughter) also increases significantly.
Why can a brother and sister have a retarded child? This happens due to the fact that the damaged gene of one parent cannot be replaced by a healthy gene of the second parent, as happens when love is not between relatives, thus the child is born with damaged genes, leading to ugliness and mutation. This is done by nature so that at conception the child receives different genes from each parent and turns out to be more perfect genetically, taking on something good from one parent and the other. Such genetics, throughout the entire life of living organisms, allows for natural selection and improvement of the genetic component of a person. That is why every people of the world has its own outline and body structure, for example, black skin color helps protect against harmful sun rays, and it was formed among people living with high solar activity, or for example, a large nose among people living in the mountains, which helps to obtain more oxygen when there is a lack of it. With love between brother and sister, such improvement does not occur.
The second disadvantage of love between brother and sister is public condemnation and misunderstanding of such a relationship. It is believed that this is immoral and ugly, which is why a brother and sister, who love each other and live together, hide their relationship from everyone, or hide the fact that they are brother and sister. Otherwise, such a married couple will receive a negative understanding from others and will lose respect from the majority of people.
PROS OF LOVE BETWEEN BROTHER AND SISTER
If, for example, the love of a brother and sister includes only making love without the birth of a child and subsequent relationships, then this can be attributed to the knowledge of the feminine and masculine sides in love. Firstly, brother and sister learn the lessons of love between each other and improve in this, which is much better and safer than random lovemaking with friends and girlfriends at an early age of development, and secondly, this helps relieve accumulated tension in the case when one of the partners has not had love for a long time. This is better than hiring a dirty and infectious girl or a guy of easy virtue, unless, of course, such a relationship leads to cheating.
IS LOVE AND MARRIAGE BETWEEN BROTHER AND SISTER ALLOWED IN RUSSIA?
If we talk about love between brother and sister, and other relatives, then in Russia such love is not prohibited and is not criminally punished, but marriages, according to the Family Code of Russia for 2013, between full and half brothers are prohibited. Thus, brother and sister who love each other will not be able to enter into an official marriage, and difficulties may also arise with registering the born child. But marriage between cousins is not prohibited in Russia.
Society's position
The small peoples of the Far North had a custom of sharing both shelter and food, and a wife with a stranger. A child from a stranger was born healthy - due to the guaranteed absence of common ancestors.
In Russia, marriages between first cousins are officially permitted. They are allowed in European countries, Japan, and in most US states, although public opinion is against such unions, and even unions of second cousins.
And practically marriages between blood relatives in all civilized countries are considered a criminal offense. If it turns out that people who previously registered a marriage are related by blood, the marriage will be annulled.
