Purpose of labor protection instructions
It must be said that the instructions are being developed for a specific activity and for specific professions. They are based on safety requirements, which are set out in the documentation from the plant that manufactured the equipment taking into account the needs of production.
Instructions are a set of rules for employees, written and approved by management. They are also being developed for employees who carry out maintenance of facilities located in the Gostekhnadzor department. We can talk about elevators, boilers, cranes for lifting loads. Rules of this kind are approved in a certain order.
This important document includes certain requirements and regulates the work process. The instructions are intended to ensure safety in a factory or organization.
The main purpose of occupational safety instructions is to ensure the safety of employees. It contains work techniques, the main safety principles necessary before starting work, during work and in emergency situations.
The document is mandatory, as specified in Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The creation of labor protection instructions is included in a whole range of protection measures in all industries. The absence of a regulatory act may result in penalties. Any injury at work will lead to big troubles in the absence of occupational safety instructions.
Basic documentation
Since the legislation has not created a list of mandatory documents on labor protection in an organization, one should focus on the general requirements. So, the organization needs to develop the following acts:
- order on the creation of an OT service. If these functions are performed by a manager, an order is also issued. Recommendations for organizing the service were approved by Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated 02/08/2000 No. 14;
- safety instructions for specific positions;
- rules for conducting briefings, their program and logbook;
- protocols for testing personnel knowledge;
- log of industrial accidents;
- documentation of employees undergoing mandatory medical examinations, if the work involves preliminary and periodic medical examinations;
- documentation on special assessment of workplaces;
- procedure for issuing personal protective equipment;
- the procedure for training a manager if the manager is personally responsible for occupational safety in the organization.
This is a short list of necessary documents on labor protection in an organization for 2021 and subsequent years.
Types of instructions
In hazardous industries, action guidelines can protect the health and lives of employees. The developed labor protection instructions relate to the operation of units, mechanisms and other industrial equipment.
Instructions on safety and labor protection are created for industries separately. In this case, it is important to rely on the specifics of production. When it comes to construction, the manual includes norms or requirements related to construction projects and the use of machinery at a construction site. For the industry involved in the transportation of goods, they include questions regarding vehicles and transportation of flammable substances.
Not only industry regulations are being created that relate to specific enterprises. The guide to action can also be local, developed for individual workshops. It takes into account certain working conditions, climatic conditions and others. In general, we can say that instructions are divided for specific types of work or positions.
By position and category
Contain techniques for certain categories of employees at the enterprise. A separate document is written for the mechanic or driver. It fits into the algorithm of work performed by a certain employee. This instruction on labor protection is intended for all employees of the enterprise who occupy a similar position.
For the same positions, your own manual can be developed. Everything is defined in the job description for labor protection. One electrician may be busy with traveling work, while another may be busy setting up networks at the enterprise. The operating algorithm will be different, and several instructions are required.
By type of work
Sometimes instructions are associated with certain types of work, or with the use of specific devices in work. It reflects the work:
- on PC;
- for cleaning the workshop;
- with a ladder or stepladder;
- on a machine of various types;
- associated with mowing grass.
Instructions of this kind can always be used by employees who have access to specific work. For example, a cleaning lady is wiping down high shelving. In addition to the cleaning instructions, she will need a regulation for the use of the stepladder. Many instructions can be written for one employee.
Drawing up and content of labor protection instructions
The instructions include certain sections:
- Requirements necessary before starting work;
- General requirements;
- Measures taken during work;
- Behavior in case of accidents;
- Post-employment requirements.
Any labor safety instruction has its own number and name. It is approved by the employer and discussed with the trade union. The document is signed by the head of the department and agreed with the main specialists of the enterprise.
The document specifies the basic requirements for performing various work processes and using equipment, techniques, methods, and the sequence of performing certain processes. Typically, regulations are written in accessible and specific language, and do not include requirements that are not relevant to the issue and do not include words that can enhance the meaning, such as “strictly” or “categorically.”
General labor protection requirements
These requirements always contain some important points, among them:
- Conditions provided for the admission of workers to activities. This may include gender or age, training received, health;
- Determination of the rules drawn up for the routine within the enterprise;
- Requirements regarding work and rest standards;
- List of harmful production factors affecting employees;
- List of special clothing, protective equipment and footwear;
- Hygiene rules during work;
- The procedure in which the supervisor and administration are notified of an occupational injury.
Compliance with all the requirements listed in the paragraphs will help ensure occupational safety at the proper level.
Before starting work
Each employee must know how to properly prepare their workplace for work and personal protective equipment, which is also prepared in a certain way.
It is important to check the serviceability of work equipment, all tools, important barriers, locking devices, and alarms. The operation of grounding devices, lighting systems, etc. is analyzed. Source materials and manufactured semi-finished products are also checked.
In some cases, instructions are needed for the correct transfer of a shift to an employee when the entire process is ongoing and cannot be stopped.
During work
Employees must be aware of the rules for handling lifting mechanisms, protective equipment and installations so that work is safe.
It is important to properly handle starting materials, workpieces, and primary raw materials. The documentation reflects the rules for proper and safe maintenance of the workplace, as well as measures to prevent various unforeseen situations. It is the responsibility of every employee to know how all protective equipment is applied and when to use it.
In emergency situations
This extensive section describes all kinds of emergency situations, the causes of their occurrence and methods of elimination. Every employee knows how to behave in a given situation, how to avoid negative consequences for their health and the health of their colleagues.
You need to have information about providing assistance to those injured or sick. In any emergency, people know who to contact and who to notify. They know the rules of behavior.
Upon completion of work
It is understood that all appliances must be properly stopped and switched off. They need to be disassembled and lubricated. The same applies to equipment and complex mechanisms.
It is important to observe personal hygiene rules and remove production waste. Management is notified immediately of any difficulties. Employees do this according to established rules.
Does the procedure for conducting labor safety briefings apply to “remote workers”?
“Distance workers” perform their work functions outside of stationary workplaces, the responsibility for the condition of which lies with employers. They provide services rather than perform specific production tasks. Hiring workers who will work remotely, as required by Art. 312.3 of the Labor Code, the employer must familiarize them with the labor safety requirements that relate to equipment and means of production:
• recommended for use; • made available to the employee.
Additionally, according to the requirements of the same article of the Labor Code, an employer who uses the labor of “distance workers” must:
• investigate and take into account incidents and accidents that occurred with its remote workers; • comply with the instructions of the State Supervision Service, consider the submissions of public control bodies regarding “distance workers”; • insure remote workers against accidents and damages.
Therefore, in some cases it will still be necessary to conduct all types of labor safety briefings for remote workers. Such briefings are organized in the same way as other communication between the “distance worker” and the employer: in the form of sending .doc, .txt, .pdf and any other files, conferences in Skype, Viber and any other messenger used by the organization. A note about familiarization of the “remote operator” with the safety briefing is made in the same order as with other documents necessary for work. It is advisable to discuss this and write it down in the employment contract, indicate it in the Internal Regulations, the “Regulations on Occupational Health Training” and other documents that address this issue. The employer is allowed to exempt remote workers from instructions in the same way as other employees.
High-quality training is an inexpensive but effective event that allows employees to work with full dedication without risking their own health and safety.
Time frame for reviewing labor safety instructions
The instructions are supplemented and revised once every 5 years or more often. Changes are made when working conditions are adjusted, standards and regulations are revised, and new equipment is introduced. All accidents and injuries that have occurred must be taken into account. A special labor protection service monitors the timeliness of document revision.
Requirements for the development, signing, correct execution, recording and storage of documents are reflected in the Industry document - RD 11 12.0035-94. If there are no changes, the instructions are re-approved. After this, the document is valid for another 5 years.
Often, packages of documents are kept by the heads of departments or production areas. Each person is given a set of instructions, or they are posted in the workshop. The development of a normative act should be approached thoroughly, otherwise it can lead to a lot of troubles
To simplify your work, we offer you samples of labor safety instructions.
Instructions for occupational safety and health of office workers
1 file(s) 58.00 KB
Download
Employer's liability
Article 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation establishes fines for violating safety rules - as a general rule, they range from 50,000 to 80,000 rubles. In some cases, other sanctions are established:
- for violating the procedure for carrying out special inspection work - from 60,000 to 80,000 rubles;
- for permission to work without special training - from 110,000 to 130,000 rubles;
- for the lack of protective equipment for workers - from 130,000 to 150,000 rubles.
Legal documents
- Article 217 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation
- Resolution of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated 02/08/2000 No. 14
- Article 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation
