REGULATIONS on internship and admission to independent work

Good afternoon, dear reader.

If a person gets a job as a driver, he must undergo an internship under the guidance of a mentor.

At the same time, all organizations that have drivers on staff may be faced with the need to organize an internship for a new driver.

This article will discuss in what cases an internship is necessary and how to conduct it.

Note. From January 1, 2021, the concept of internship has been replaced by the concept of probation.

In what cases is an internship necessary?

7. Employees hired for work directly related to driving a vehicle (hereinafter referred to as drivers), in order to verify compliance with the assigned work, are allowed to independently work related to driving vehicles after passing a test with the employer in accordance with Article 70 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

From January 1, 2021, the test is mandatory for all drivers who take a new job.

Until December 31, 2021, the requirements were simpler and there were 3 reasons for sending a driver to an internship:

• the person got a job as a driver for the first time;
• the person has not worked as a driver for the last year or more (according to the work book);
• a person got a job and at the same time was transferred to another type of vehicle (for example, previously he worked in a passenger car, but got a job as a bus driver).

Note. The training requirement applies to all categories of vehicles, not just buses and trucks.

How is driving training carried out?

The procedure for allowing a driver to work independently in this case involves several stages:

1. Testing the theoretical knowledge possessed by a trainee driver. Questions are asked both on the rules of operation and design of the type of vehicle on which it will work, and on the general rules of driving, behavior on the road, etc. In total, at least 20 questions are asked.
2. Driving a car on a special platform. Here the trainee must demonstrate that he is able to at least minimally drive a new vehicle. If he fails at this stage, he is suspended, is considered to have failed the internship and cannot be allowed to work independently.
3. A trip along a future route (for minibuses) or just around the city with a driver-mentor. The trainee must be behind the wheel, but the mentor has the right to exclude him from driving on difficult sections. A note about the suspension is made on the internship card.
4. Control flight along the route with cargo or passengers under the guidance of a mentor. This is a kind of final exam during which the driver-mentor does not interfere with driving, but only notes the behavior and skills of the trainee.

These are the main steps. If necessary, the internship can be supplemented by troubleshooting a car (if the driver’s qualifications require such skills).

The mentor under whose guidance the new driver is undergoing training must be one of the already working drivers with a certain driving experience:

• for buses - at least 5 years;
• for taxis or trucks - at least 3 years.

In addition, the driver-mentor must have the necessary theoretical knowledge in the field of driving and operating a specific model of vehicle. This is necessary, since the internship is carried out on the exact car (or at least on the same model) on which the trainee driver will subsequently work independently. That is why, if an enterprise uses several different types of transport (for example, buses, trucks, cars), it is required to have several driver-mentors - one for each type.

Who has the right to test drivers?

To conduct an internship, a mentor must be assigned who meets the following requirements:

10. Driver testing is carried out under the guidance of a driver-mentor. A driver-mentor is appointed from among the drivers, including those hired by the employer:

• have not committed any traffic accidents due to their own fault during the last year of work;
• having work experience (experience) on the relevant type of vehicle for at least three years (when tested on a passenger taxi or truck);
• having work experience (experience) on the relevant type of vehicles for at least five years (when tested on a bus, tram or trolleybus).

Requirements for a mentor:

• Over the past year, he was not at fault for any traffic accidents;
• He has the required work experience (according to his work book).

Rules

Driver training must be carried out on cars of the brand in which they will then work. There will be a briefing before starting. The trainee driver is engaged in cargo transportation (passenger transportation) for the entire period under the supervision of a mentor, fulfills all his requirements and instructions. If working on a line involves knowing the points and places of loading and unloading, filling out route sheets, and issuing invoices, he learns how to maintain documentation. Monitors and monitors the condition of the technical equipment before leaving the garage while driving and upon completion of work. Complies with the necessary rules for transporting people and goods, mastering safe working methods. Does not allow traffic violations. Passes mandatory pre-trip medical examinations.

How to conduct a driver internship without a mentor?

This raises an interesting question. What should an organization do if it does not have a driver who meets the above requirements? An even more interesting situation is an organization that hires a first driver.

However, the solution is quite simple. It is necessary to temporarily hire a driver who will act as a mentor for new drivers.

Article 70 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation allows you to hire a temporary employee (for a period of up to 2 months) without testing. It is precisely such a driver that should be recruited to conduct training for new drivers.

Regulations on internships for drivers

In order to conduct an internship correctly and legally, it is necessary to be guided by a number of regulations. The first of these is the Labor Code. Relevant to internships are those rules that relate to the probationary period when concluding an employment contract. The fact is that the internship is framed as a test. At the same time, it must be indicated in the text of the employment contract - otherwise, an employee who has completed the internship unsatisfactorily cannot be refused employment.

The second norm has a somewhat unusual status. This is the guiding document RD-200-RSFSR-12-0071-86-12, adopted by the Ministry of Motor Transport of the RSFSR back in 1986. Formally, it is not binding, since it has not been officially published, but this document describes in detail the rules by which driver training is carried out, so many enterprises prefer to use it. True, in order for the RD to be applied, either its norms must be enshrined in the internal acts of the organization, or these acts must contain a reference to the RD.

The next act is the resolution of the Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated January 13, 2003 No. 1/29. It is already mandatory, although its provisions regarding internships are very vague. It only says that the employer is obliged to provide training to newly hired employees engaged in dangerous work, which includes some drivers.

Finally, the Federal Law “On Road Traffic Safety” dated December 10, 1995 No. 196-FZ is relevant to the internship. This law requires the employer to organize the work of drivers so that the rules relating to road safety are not violated. One of the ways to ensure this is precisely through an internship when applying for a job.

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How is the internship going?

Professional selection includes:

• confirmation of compliance of the documents submitted by the employee with Professional and qualification requirements;
• trial.

... 8. The test is carried out without traveling and with traveling on public roads.
For drivers of route vehicles, the test on public roads includes driving along a route without passengers and with passengers.

9. The driver test is carried out on the vehicle(s) of the type and model, on the route(s) (if any) on which he/she will subsequently work independently.

The qualification requirements for the driver vary for different categories of vehicles. They are described in a separate regulatory document:

Qualification requirements for drivers

How is the internship paid?

Since during the internship (especially on the route) the driver is actually already doing his job, he should be paid a salary. Its amount is determined by the terms of the employment contract, but in general, the trainee’s pay should not be lower than the pay of a permanently working driver (with the exception of possible bonuses and other incentives to which the trainee is not entitled).

The work of the driver-mentor must also be paid. As a rule, for the time that he acts as a mentor to a trainee driver, he receives an increase of at least 5% of the salary previously established for him.

Who is responsible?

In all cases, responsibility rests with the employer. He gives orders to the manager and appoints specific persons responsible for the established procedure for carrying out the event (by order). Control of implementation is carried out by the official responsible for traffic safety.

Each organization that has motor transport on its balance sheet is in one way or another subject to Order No. 59 of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, and therefore is obliged to develop an action plan for occupational safety and road safety. Internship is an integral part of the requirements listed there.

Driver categories

The content of the internship regulations at the company will largely depend on what category the specialist has:

1. First. The person has not previously worked in this profession, but at the same time has an education and a category “D” license.
2. Second. Workers who were retrained to category “D” from categories “C” and “B”.
3. Third. Specialists who do not have experience driving buses (they are assigned classes 1 and 2).
4. Fourth. People who are eligible to drive a bus but will be out of work for more than six months.
5. Fifth. Drivers who have had a break in work for more than three months.
6. Sixth. Drivers who worked for one brand of car will be forced to work for another.
7. Seventh. Drivers who will be switching to a new route. Their internship will last at least 4 hours. If it is a mountainous region, then at least 8 hours.

Responsibilities and Fundamentals

As a rule, the following persons are responsible for conducting an internship:

1. Chief Engineer. He is obliged to periodically monitor the results of this procedure.
2. Responsible persons who were appointed by the chief engineer. They undertake to monitor compliance with the internship regulations.
3. Direct instructors who work with the trainee and correct his shortcomings.

As in any other educational process, there are certain requirements and an established procedure for completing the procedure. The main provisions should be noted as follows:

1. Appointment of a specialist responsible for training the applicant. He must have the most experience in the enterprise.
2. Attaching the trainee to his direct mentor, who will train him.
3. Appointment of a responsible person to take the test after the end of the internship.

Why and when is it needed?

An internship is a temporary period when a specialist can gain the experience he needs to improve his skills or undergo a probationary period. In the first situation, internships are mainly reassigned to students and other vocational school or college students.

The second situation applies if the specialist:

1. Without work experience and taking up the duties of this position for the first time (can be a student). In this case, he can work under the supervision of experienced workers for up to 14 shifts, during which the necessary experience will be acquired.
2. When upgrading your qualifications and undergoing additional training (in this case, the internship will be part of the student process).
3. When applying for a job where working conditions are harmful or dangerous.
4. If the specialist has not worked in his immediate profession for more than one year. During such a period, he may lose real skills and will need time to restore them.

For drivers, the two situations described above can apply. Thus, a newly hired employee will work on the first shifts under the guidance of a more experienced specialist. He can also take courses to improve his qualifications (for example, to assign him a new category).

In the latter case, the driver may work for a long time on another car or route, then the employer will oblige him to undergo an internship for two work shifts.

Assessment of theoretical knowledge

An internship is usually carried out in several stages:

• assessment of the driver’s theoretical knowledge;
• driving the vehicle the driver will operate on a special site;
• driving along the future route with a driver-mentor;
• control trip along the future route with passengers or cargo under the control of a mentor driver.

During the first stage, the level of knowledge of traffic rules is determined. Knowledge assessment is carried out in the form of an exam in which the driver is asked at least 20 questions. It is practically impossible to make mistakes here: if there are more than two mistakes, the internship is terminated. In this case, you can retake the theory no more than three times.

If the exam is passed successfully, the practical part of the internship begins.

Internship procedure

The internship is carried out according to established rules, according to which the driver is assigned a training person from among the most experienced employees of the organization who have theoretical knowledge and practical skills in operating a specific vehicle.

The appointment of persons responsible for the internship is carried out by order of the head of the organization, which reflects the goals and objectives of the training and its direct participants. Consolidation occurs for the entire period of training.

There are separate requirements for training persons:

• have more than five years of driving experience;
• have more than three years of truck driving experience;
• no traffic violations.

The internship is carried out on the vehicle that will subsequently be used by the driver on the route. Driving the car is carried out by the driver independently, with the exception of some cases when, during the first trips, the training person explains the peculiarities of movement on the route.

Registration of results

After completing the internship, a special form will be issued with an assessment of the results of each stage of its completion. After which it is transferred to the personnel department, where a decision will be made on the future fate of the specialist.

If it turns out that the driver has not acquired sufficient skills, he may be sent for a second internship or excluded from recruitment for the position.