Any employee who is applying for a job, according to the law, is required to undergo a preliminary medical examination upon hiring. This complex is a set of doctors, examinations, tests and a list of medical procedures that any employee must undergo before starting work. The procedure for passing is to receive a referral from a personnel department employee and be sent to undergo a mandatory medical examination at a special medical institution. The employer must pay all expenses.
Necessity
According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the procedure for undergoing a mandatory medical examination before applying for a job is mandatory. This applies to almost all professions and specialties, regardless of the position held after admission. Personnel registered for work must be sent to undergo training in accordance with the internal order of the enterprise before undergoing initial safety training.
Inspection before registration of an employee
This applies to the following categories of persons:
- all minors and those who have reached it;
- medical staff;
- employees in the field of education and science;
- law enforcement officials, military personnel and others;
- workers in various industries;
- public transport drivers;
- other areas and professions.
Note! The list presented is not complete. Almost all employees are required by law to undergo a medical examination upon entry to work or employment.
The procedure for undergoing a medical examination at work for already registered employees is also regulated. Its frequency depends on the profession occupied.
Who conducts a medical examination before starting a working day or shift?
In accordance with clause 4, part 2, art. 46 of the Law “On the Fundamentals of Health Protection...” dated November 21, 2011 No. 323 in order to identify the impact of hazardous and harmful production factors, as well as the presence of diseases that interfere with the normal performance of work, certain categories of workers (for example, drivers of vehicles transporting passengers ) are required to undergo daily inspection before going to work. Unlike periodic medical examinations, this event does not take much time. It is carried out, in accordance with part 8 of the appendix to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation “On approval of the procedure...” dated December 15, 2014 No. 835n, by a health worker with a higher or secondary medical education, or a health care institution that has a license to provide medical services (including conducting medical examinations).
Passage order
Medical examination for a medical record: how to pass a medical examination
After passing the interview and before the official registration of almost any category of personnel, the employee should undergo a preliminary medical examination upon hiring.
To do this, he is given a special referral to a medical institution, which indicates what kind of medical examination the employee undergoes when applying for a job. The person being processed is required to appear and complete all specified procedures within a certain period of time.
Upon arriving at the hospital, a personal card will be created for the person, if one did not exist before. It will provide a list of all the necessary tests, examinations and doctors to undergo.
During the inspection, it is necessary to fill out a special certificate in form No. 086/у. After completing all the necessary procedures, form No. 001-GS/u is issued, which must contain a conclusion about the state of health of the person.
Special Shaped Appearance
Who is required to undergo a preliminary medical examination?
The Labor Code of the Russian Federation requires certain categories of workers to undergo a medical examination when hiring:
- under 18 years of age:
- whose profession involves harmful and dangerous work;
- who works in the food industry;
- who provides medical services;
- sales workers;
- involved in transport;
- teachers, counselors, educators, teachers;
- working in extreme conditions;
- service personnel, for example: waiters, hairdressers, cosmetologists, athletes;
- judges, law enforcement officials, and other employees of government agencies;
- who works in the Far North or in those places that are equivalent to it.
This pre-employment medical examination is called a primary medical examination. It allows you to determine whether a person, due to health reasons, is ready to perform the job for which he is hired, whether he has chronic and hereditary diseases that can affect his health in the future and interfere with the performance of assigned tasks. Such a medical examination also protects the team from infectious diseases that a new employee may bring.
List of doctors and procedures
The list of required specialists and examinations is established by law. Unless otherwise required by the profession, the standard list consists of the following doctors:
- otolaryngologist (ENT);
- surgeon;
- psychiatrist;
- therapist.
Referral for a medical examination from the employer
Note! For women, visiting a gynecologist is a must. If a woman refuses to undergo it, the employer has the right not to hire her. Some specialties require a psychiatric examination.
You should also definitely take a general blood and urine test. If it has not been done for more than a year, then you need to do fluorography. An electrocardiogram may be required.
When all the stages are completed, you need to go to a therapist to sum up the results. He will fill out all the final certificates and forms, and also issue the overall result of the medical commission.
New rules for mandatory medical examinations of workers from 2021
Read more >>>
The other day, while answering questions asked on the site, I came across some interesting information that made adjustments to the regulations on the rules for undergoing medical examinations of workers.
On January 7, 2021, the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated December 13, 2019 No. 1032 n came into force, which introduced changes to the procedure for conducting mandatory medical examinations of workers upon entering work and working in hazardous working conditions. These changes concern the very procedure for conducting medical examinations.
Main innovation
- when conducting a preliminary or periodic inspection, the results of previously conducted inspections may be taken into account (no later than one year):
- preliminary or periodic inspection,
- clinical examination,
- other medical examinations.
But this does not apply to cases of detection of symptoms and syndromes of diseases in employees that indicate the presence of medical indications for repeated examinations and other medical measures, confirmed by the employee’s medical documents. For workers engaged in work in harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions , the first periodic medical examination at the occupational pathology center
must be carried out with 5 years of work experience in hazardous working conditions, and subsequent periodic medical examinations -
once every 5 years from July 1, 2021
.
2.
Also, now, in order to undergo a medical examination, an employee will first need to be given a paid day off.
The list of documents that an employee must provide in a medical organization to undergo a preliminary medical examination has been clarified; an insurance certificate of compulsory pension insurance has been added, containing the insurance number of an individual personal account or a document confirming registration in the individual (personalized) accounting system in the form of an electronic document or on paper.
3.
The possibility has also been added for the employee to provide an extract from the patient’s medical record, issued in the medical organization to which the person is attached for medical care and (or) from the medical organization from the place of residence with the results of medical examination.
This makes it possible to reduce the cost of medical examination if employees:
- will undergo a medical examination or preventive medical examination at the clinic at the place of attachment and take an extract from their medical record for a new medical examination;
-part-time workers will undergo a medical examination at their main place of work and will take the results of the previous one for a new medical examination.
4.
Mandatory issuance of health passports has been cancelled.
The employee will now be given an extract from the medical record with the conclusions of medical specialists, laboratory test results, a conclusion based on the results of a periodic examination, and the specified recommendations for prevention and follow-up, treatment, and medical rehabilitation.
5.
Mandatory
clinical tests of blood, urine, ECG, digital fluorography, and lung radiography from the List of Factors and Works But during preliminary and periodic medical examinations, all subjects must undergo:
• questioning of workers aged 18 years and older to collect anamnesis, identify burdened heredity, complaints, symptoms characteristic of a number of non-communicable diseases and identify risk factors and other pathological conditions and diseases that increase the likelihood of developing chronic diseases;
• calculation of anthropometry (measurement of height, body weight, waist circumference) body mass index;
• clinical analysis of blood and urine.
6.
Now, with the written consent of the employee or upon a written request, conclusions can be transferred to the Social Insurance Fund and to the clinic at the place of attachment.
7.
The deadline for issuing the conclusion is set no later than 5 working days.
8.
Workers who have had a preliminary diagnosis of an occupational disease will be required to be
sent to occupational pathology centers within 1 month from the moment the disease is suspected of being related to the profession
.
9.
Specialists from the occupational pathology center will travel to remote settlements as part of mobile medical teams to serve people.
Here is a brief summary of the general provisions regarding the medical examinations themselves.
The full list of positions, occupations, and negative factors in work activities for which a medical examination is considered mandatory is regulated by the provisions of Order No. 302 of the Ministry of Health and Social Development dated April 12, 2011. For such employees and positions, medical examinations are mandatory. This obligation is expressly stated in Art. 214 Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
Mandatory medical examination and periodic medical examinations during employment relationships
, and in case of direct employment, is provided for by law.
Before sending an employee for a medical examination, the employer is obliged to familiarize him with the approved schedule of periodic medical examinations
.
The employer sends an order to conduct a medical examination as scheduled no later than 10 days before the date of the examination. Information about the medical examination itself must be sent by the employer to Rospotrebnadzor for approval. Violation of this procedure may result in the employee’s refusal to undergo a medical examination.
.
Self-medical examination outside working hours is not provided for by law and is illegal. Payment for services of medical institutions or health workers, necessary tests in accordance with Art. 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation lies entirely with the employer. At the same time, the time spent undergoing medical examinations at work must be counted in the work time sheet and paid based on the employee’s average earnings.
The main concern of employees when undergoing a medical examination is the possible discrepancy between their health and the requirements applicable to their position. But the employer in this case cannot dismiss employees for medical reasons.
– and is obliged to offer them a transfer to any other position that is suitable for the employee according to the standards. And only if the employee refuses to accept another suitable position, he can then be dismissed.
If an employee was sent a notice to undergo a medical examination, but he refused to undergo it or ignored it, the employer is obliged to remove
(Paragraph 3 of Part 1 of Article 76 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) of such an employee until he undergoes a medical examination.
In this case, wages for the entire period of suspension, if it was due to the fault of the employee, are not paid. Moreover, the law also provides for the possibility of bringing an employee to disciplinary liability for failure to undergo a medical examination, i.e. Refusal to undergo a mandatory medical examination may result in a reprimand, reprimand, or even dismissal.
Regulatory document:
On amendments to appendices No. 1, 2 and 3 to the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 2011 No. 302 n “On approval of lists of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors and work, during which preliminary and periodic medical examinations (examinations), and the procedure for conducting mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations (examinations) of workers engaged in heavy work and work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions" (registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 24, 2019 No. 56976) .
Who pays for it?
If a person gets a job that requires an examination, it is fully paid for by the employer. However, such medical examinations are carried out in designated institutions specified in the list. With a referral, visits to doctors will be free, and some paid tests and procedures will subsequently be reimbursed upon provision of an invoice or receipts.
What is a medical examination: passing at the enterprise
Important! A person applying for a job is not required to pay anything. A total invoice for services rendered will be issued to the employer if a medical examination is required by law for the position held.
Validity period of the certificate
The medical examination passed and all official documents received as a result are valid for from six months to one year, depending on their form. If the employee was not hired, he can present it when applying for another job. But only if it requires going through an identical list of doctors, tests and procedures. If additional examination is necessary, you will have to undergo the examination again.
Important! If it so happens that a person underwent surgery or a complex illness during the period while the certificate was valid, it will be cancelled.
You will have to go through the entire medical examination again.
Payment for medical examination upon hiring
The law requires the employer to pay the costs associated with medical examinations upon hiring, in accordance with Art. 212 Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Or return to the employee the funds spent on the medical examination. Moreover, within a period of no more than 10 days from the date of provision of all supporting documents on receipt of a medical report. Most often, people undergo a medical examination at their own expense in order to later receive compensation for the money spent. Although this path is not entirely legal. The company must pay immediately, and not compensate for the costs later.
IMPORTANT
Sometimes in practice, people are faced with the fact that no one returns their money for a medical examination when applying for a job. This is a violation of the law. And we are talking about an amount that for some is quite significant. Moreover, when a person has not yet managed to earn a single ruble, but is just getting settled. Depending on the region, this amount ranges from 1000 to 3000 rubles.
You can try to get your money back by writing a complaint to the Labor Inspectorate or the prosecutor's office. But job seekers rarely take such a step. However, such integrity sometimes allows them to feel better and more confident in the workplace.
Diseases for which a certificate is not issued
A medical certificate based on the results of the examination is issued to persons who have no contraindications for performing a specific job. For each individual profession, there is a specific list of diseases, the presence of which makes it impossible to work in the chosen place. For example, there is a list of certain diseases that prevent judges from performing their duties. This was approved in the official resolution of the Council of Judges of the Russian Federation No. 78 of December 26, 2002.
The same lists are available for various other professions and specialties. To work in a hot shop, applicants must have their thermal resistance index checked during a medical examination. If a person does not meet this indicator, then a certificate of unfitness to perform the relevant duties is issued.
Completed form
According to the law, enterprises of any form of ownership must suspend from fulfilling their official duties employees who have been diagnosed with certain diseases, or those who have not complied with certain instructions on time. These are the following persons:
- who are carriers of dangerous infectious diseases or those who have been in contact with carriers;
- persons who have not completed all required vaccinations against severe infectious diseases;
- registered with certain specialists, if this is specified in the job description for the profession.
Can they be fired if the examination and responsibility of the employer is not passed?
According to state laws, an employer may refuse to hire a specialist who has not passed a medical examination. The same applies to those employees who have not undergone periodic examinations.
Note! The employer is required by law to answer for hiring a person who has not passed the inspection. Monetary penalties and fines are provided for such violators. If such violations are repeated, the official may be dismissed, and the private entrepreneur may be prohibited from operating.
