MBDOU kindergarten No. 64

Send your child to nursery from 2 months

Base. Federal Law on Education Art. 67 part 1

How it works. For very young children, nursery groups are opened in kindergartens. They can accommodate a child from 2 months. Not all kindergartens have such groups, and not all nurseries have free places. But now in many regions they even build separate buildings for this purpose on the territory of kindergartens. That is, theoretically there is such an opportunity - a mother who needs to go to work can place a very young child under the supervision of specialists.

You need to apply and wait. Indicate in the application that you want to enroll your child in a nursery group as early as possible. He will be accepted into kindergarten as soon as space becomes available.

Usually children are sent to kindergarten at 3 years old - but this age is not specified anywhere in the law. It’s just that at this time the right of one of the parents to be on parental leave ends - then the employer is not obliged to keep the place. However, not all families can or want to use the full three-year maternity leave. Therefore, children can be sent to kindergarten earlier.

It doesn’t matter whether the child knows how to go to the potty, whether he was weaned or not. Mom can come and feed the baby during breaks at work. And they will change his diapers even without his mother.

See also:

How much does a babysitter earn and what does he do?
How to queue for kindergarten
How to enroll your child in kindergarten: step-by-step instructions

Selected articles for parents

Everything you wanted to know about children and money is in our twice-weekly newsletter, along with other materials about money

What can you ask of a teacher as a parent?

upbringing, education and development of the child according to the Federal State Educational Standard
careful supervision of the child entrusted to him, including monitoring his health status and monitoring him during the day
monitoring the child during the adaptation period
studying the individual characteristics and inclinations of the child
feed the child special homemade food if the child needs it
creating conditions for individual development and moral formation of your child’s personality
organization of leisure and holidays

Legislative framework on the rights of preschool pupils

The most important laws and documents ensuring the rights of children are:

Constitution of the Russian Federation;
UN Convention on the Rights of Children;
Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees of Children’s Rights in the Russian Federation”;
Federal Law “On Education”;
A number of administrative documents and instructions.

Article 3 of the UN Convention defines the primary interests of children. The importance of health and safety as well as the suitability of personnel is emphasized.

Particular attention is paid to the protection of children from violence of all types, rough treatment (Article 19), the orientation of education towards the personal development of everyone, the support of talents, mental and physical abilities (Article 29), the inadmissibility of cruelty and humiliation towards children (Article 29). 37).

The Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees...” covers in detail the issues of free medical care and health protection (Articles 10, 12).

State guarantees are provided for the protection of children from negative factors affecting health and development (intellectual, physical, mental).

Protection and implementation of children's rights in preschool educational institutions

Natalia Poltoratskaya

Protection and implementation of children's rights in preschool educational institutions

Current issues of pedagogy and educational : materials of the V All-Russian scientific and practical conference of young scientists, undergraduates, students with international participation, Barnaul, April 24 – 25, 2014 / ed. L. S. Kolmogorova, O. A. Bryleva. –Barnaul: AltGPA, 2014. – 330 p.

Poltoratskaya N. N.

Barnaul, AltGPA

Scientific adviser:

Atemaskina Yu. V., Ph.D. ped. Sciences, Associate Professor

PROTECTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CHILD'S RIGHTS IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

The relevance and vitality of the stated topic is determined by the deterioration of the situation of children in the Russian Federation: declining indicators of health and well-being; the growth of social maladaptation of children, manifested in violation of moral norms and illegal actions ; criminalization of consciousness and behavior; early alcoholism and drug addiction of a significant part of the growing generation, etc. The combination of these and other problems led to the intensification of state policy in the interests of children, the adoption of important regulatory documents (Fundamentals of state policy in the field of development of legal literacy and legal awareness of citizens ; National Strategy for Action in the Interests of Children for 2012-2017). The new ethics lies in the recognition of childhood as a full-fledged stage, a natural and important period in the life of every person. Ensuring such an approach is possible only with the creation and provision by the state of appropriate conditions, as well as with the active participation of all members of society in the implementation of this task.

Historically, the concept of childhood is associated with a certain social status, with a range of rights and responsibilities inherent in this period of life, with a set of types and forms of activity available to it, which society assigns to it. Since the mid-twentieth century, a qualitatively new stage has begun in the world, primarily the legal recognition of the status of childhood by the adult community: the Declaration of the Rights of the Child , the UN Convention on Rights of the Child , the Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation”, etc. Of course, laws cannot automatically provide children with a childhood. However, their presence gives children a guarantee of their protection , the protection of their rights and interests .

The moral experience of the first years of life and the atmosphere of a kind environment largely determine the child’s mental attitude for the future . In Ancient Russia, children were called “grains”

.
This had a deep meaning. In order for the grain to grow and produce good seedlings, it must be carefully looked after. This ancient Russian image is consonant with the work of a teacher of a preschool educational institution with children and their parents (legal representatives)
.
The advantage of a kindergarten is the opportunity to implement an individual approach to the child, personal interaction between the teacher and parents about difficulties and joys, successes and failures, doubts and reflections in the process of raising a particular child in a particular family .
Children have fewer opportunities to protect their rights than adults. The child does not have physical and psychological maturity, therefore the rights of children are somehow deeper, broader, and more significant. to protect the interests of the child. At the same time, it is necessary for the child himself to form a sense of faith in himself and his rights , since this is associated with the positive influence of these personality traits on his self-acceptance and sense of self. Attention to oneself, a gradual awareness of one’s rights and responsibilities , helps the child learn to be freer, to respect himself and other people, to understand their feelings, experiences, actions and thoughts.

The theoretical basis of our research and practical activities on the protection and implementation of the rights of the child in a preschool educational institution was the work of Yu . V. Atemaskina, L. R. Bolotina, S. A. Kozlova, N. I. Eliasberg and others. We start from the fact that:

— both adults and children of senior preschool age the rights of the child and methods of protecting ;

- a group of a preschool educational institution is a society in miniature, which has its own leaders, its own rules of life , responsibilities for its members, etc., therefore, children need to be taught how to build social relations, realize their capabilities , respect the rights of others, etc. . d. This will help them socialize successfully in the future;

— should be with their rights At the same time, the foundation for the formation of preschoolers’ ideas about rights and responsibilities is their moral culture, moral education;

— it is important to use interactive methods and techniques, organize socially oriented events aimed at participants gaining experience of positive communication with other people, avoiding conflict situations, and if they arise, civilized resolution, etc.

Next, we will look at some of our practical achievements in this area. The experimental work is taking place on the basis of MBDOU No. 7 in Rubtsovsk, Altai Territory, under the scientific supervision of Ph.D. ped. Sciences, Associate Professor Yu. V. Atemaskina for 2 years. Results of a survey on the topic “ Children’s Rights ”

conducted with parents at the ascertaining stage of the experiment, allow us to conclude that

that rights are often violated in the family. The reasons for the violation are different. In this regard, we decided to combine education of parents in the field of rights with psychological and pedagogical education. This allowed us not only to reveal the essence of this or that right , but to change parental views and force them to reconsider the ways of their educational influence on the child.

Particular attention was paid to the implementation of the child’s right to protection from all forms of physical and mental violence, insult, rough treatment , degrading treatment, and to free expression of their views. The use by parents of methods of physical influence on the child (slaps, slaps, pushing, etc., threats reflected the pedagogical incompetence of the parents, their lack of understanding that, focusing on the thesis “We were raised this way, and we will be like this”

, they violate
the rights of the child . After the work, the parents realized the traumatic nature of the punishment. They began to understand more clearly that there is an inverse relationship between the nature of punishment and child development. The data obtained (observations, questionnaires, business games, conversations, exchange of experiences)
showed that the majority of parents began to give preference to explanatory work with children on the basis of mutual respect.

Album “Secrets of family education”

the child’s creative potential , to realize the child’s right to individuality , because before this there were cases when they tried to fill the unfulfilled needs of their childhood in their children. The presentations prepared by the parents allowed them to enrich their knowledge about the forms of organizing family leisure, thereby contributing to the realization of the child’s right to quality rest and leisure.
When working with children, we give preference to forms that are multifunctional in nature, promote the development of cognitive activity in children, ensure their self-realization , aimed at realizing their responsibilities to others, and that are interesting to the children themselves. For example, a chronicle is being kept of the group “Happy Childhood”

.
It reflects the creative activity of children (photos, video materials, poetic pages, interaction with social partners, children’s achievements in various activities, reflecting the growth of individual skills. The group flag, chant, stand “Hello, I’m here!”
contribute to the formation of ideas in children about the norms of behavior in the group, about the need to demonstrate emotionally positive relationships with peers.
The rules that help them live in a group are discussed with children every day, responsibilities are reminded.
Together with their parents, the children prepared the book “ The Rights of the Child ”

, in which
the rights and responsibilities of children , and poems about the rights of the child were selected .
From this moment on, children try to regulate relationships with the people around them, referring to this book. It is important for children to create conditions for the practical application of acquired knowledge about their own and others' rights and responsibilities . In this regard, we pay a lot of attention to the creation of special situations, socially oriented projects, in which older children learn to help younger ones, and a tolerant attitude towards children with special needs is formed (disabled children who need special care. For example, children participated with great desire in the design of the book "Rhymes"

for children in the nursery group, feeling their responsibility and trying to convey the content of the nursery rhyme in the drawing as accurately as possible, feeling a sense of pride from their personal contribution to the common cause.
The participation of children in the annual city festival of creativity for children with disabilities “Let’s Make the World a Kinder Place”
allows us to show the unlimited creative potential of each child and contributes to the creation of a children’s community that is not limited by health conditions.
The project “The Magic World of Theatre”
, the holiday
“Visiting a New Year’s Fairy Tale”
, held for children of the KGUSO
“Territorial Center for Social Assistance to Family and Children”
in Rubtsovsk, etc., allowed us to form an experience of joint activities of children in various types of activities, to ensure integration into society peers,
realize the creative potential of each child . Thus , the intermediate results indicate the correctness of our chosen direction of work .
Parents begin to realize the importance of realizing the rights of the child in the context of family and public education, they began to better understand the psychological portrait of their child , trust more in the professionalism of the teacher, increased control over their own emotions, and began to more often rely on the acquired theoretical knowledge, including the generalized experience of other parents . Children learn to resolve conflict situations in civilized ways, taking into account the desires and positions of other people, the arbitrariness of their behavior develops, their interest in their inner world, in the system of needs and interests improves, which is the basis of personal self-improvement.

In conclusion, we once again emphasize that the protection and implementation of children’s rights should be the main focus in the work of a preschool teacher (legal representatives) should be involved in it.

children and
preschoolers .

What can children in preschool educational institutions claim?

A small citizen attending a child care institution has rights, the first of which is the right to enrollment.

Enrollment in preschool educational institution

Children have the legal right to attend preschool educational institutions, and the place must be legally represented by the authorities.

When enrolling a child, each parent has the right to receive information of interest about the qualifications of teachers, routine rules, and classes conducted. Therefore, before enrolling in kindergarten, it is recommended:

reading reviews on the Internet;
preliminary visits;
conversations with parents;
communication with staff representatives.
The agreement concluded by parents with the preschool educational institution defines the range of responsibilities and rights of parents.

The right to live

The inherent guarantee of human existence is enshrined in the Convention.
The comprehensive general development of students (both in terms of intelligence and health in general) is considered the most important task of a preschool educational institution. For this, all conditions must be provided in the kindergarten. The sanitary condition of the premises is controlled by staff and state specialized inspectors. For the development of little ones, it is necessary to ensure the availability of fully equipped playrooms. The educational process in kindergarten is structured so that children strive to learn new things and understand that studying is their first task.

Compliance with the conditions for access of a child with disabilities to kindergarten is the responsibility of the administration. It is not the disabled person’s fault that he does not walk, but he is no worse than other children. Such children should not be offended, because this will be considered an infringement of the rights of the child in kindergarten.

Children's rights in preschool educational institutions

Elena Glukhova

Children's rights in preschool educational institutions

The rights of the child are listed and described in detail in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child :

https://unhcr.ru/fileadmin/files/docs/Documents/Convention/Convention_on_the_rights_of the child . pdf

This consultation is aimed at properly resolving conflicts and other situations that arise between the child , his parents and the preschool institution, since most conflicts can be resolved at the kindergarten level without aggravating the situation.

In kindergarten, an important factor is the psychological comfort of children, which is provided by both teachers in particular and the kindergarten in general.

According to the law of the Russian Federation, a child in a preschool educational institution has the right :

— on health (timely medical care provided)

— development and realization of one’s creative and physical capabilities.

These conditions are met if there are qualified workers and medical personnel in the preschool educational institution. Kindergarten teachers are required to conduct various developmental activities, providing supervision and care for children.

In turn, parents must also observe the regime for their children’s stay in the kindergarten and not violate rules prescribed in the agreement with the institution.

In order to avoid violations of the rights of the child , parents, first of all, must take a responsible approach to choosing a preschool institution for their child . Parents have every right to show interest in the work of the kindergarten, the daily routine, classes, curriculum, and the emotional situation in the group. When children receive complaints about some problems in the group, they need to be heard and tried to resolve the issue personally with the teachers. If the problem remains unresolved, then the next authority is the head of the preschool educational institution. As a rule , 90% of complaints are resolved by preschool employees, without the involvement of higher authorities.

Below are some rules for dialogue with preschool employees for the best resolution of conflict situations:

— it is necessary to comply with ethical standards when communicating with teachers;

— it is advisable to build a constructive conversation, not based only on an emotional background;

- be ready to hear the teacher and solve the problem peacefully.

Remember: the task of parents is to protect their children, and the task of the kindergarten is to ensure a comfortable stay in the preschool educational institution and the all-round development of the child ! And this can be achieved through harmonious interaction between teachers and families.

Children's rights after enrollment in a preschool educational institution

The main rights of a child in a preschool educational institution, guaranteed by the state, can be divided into groups.

Rights to education and conditions for the development of creative abilities

The staff of the preschool institution, in addition to routine moments, games, walks, provide developmental activities that contribute to their mental development.

For this purpose, Federal educational standards are recommended for preschool state institutions, and special educational programs are being developed.

Important! The lack of systematic developmental activities in preschool educational institutions is a violation of children’s rights.

The “Law on Education of the Russian Federation” classifies education within preschool institutions as the first stage of primary education (the fifth principle among 10 main ones).

When developing children according to general programs, it is important to preserve their individuality, which is covered by Article 8 of the “Convention...”. Therefore, when implementing an individual and differentiated approach to children, their talents and abilities are revealed.

The right to play, rest and relaxation

It is known that the leading activity of preschool children is play. Through it, children’s creative and intellectual abilities develop and communication skills improve.

During games, communication skills develop, moral and social qualities are cultivated.

Classes should be replaced by rest and entertainment, taking into account the mood and wishes of the children. A state of severe fatigue and tension is unacceptable.

Rights to life and health

This is the basic legal guarantee on which all others are based. To ensure this, entire systems of measures, safety rules, numerous instructions, and recommendations are being developed.

Children must be provided with timely medical supervision. Health protection, free medical care, and the right to health are guaranteed by the law “On Basic Guarantees...”, Articles 10, 12.

The right to protection from ill-treatment

Humiliation, insults, undeserved punishments, and threats are absolutely not allowed.

Battery and violence (not only physical, but also emotional and sexual) are unacceptable. This issue is covered in Articles 19, 37 of the “Convention...”.

Rights to protect the interests and needs of children

To protect the range of needs and interests of preschool children, it is recommended to adhere to the following principles:

constant attention of staff to children;
psychological comfort;
compliance with food standards, equipment, materials, hygiene products;
positive microclimate of the child care facility.

Psychological comfort involves bringing the level of comfort closer to home, excluding psychological violence and humiliation. Parents have the right to attend open classes and events.

High-quality nutrition should be complete. Parents have the right to familiarize themselves daily with the menu, portions, standards, and be interested in the quality of products.

Examples of rights violations

It is necessary to know what rights a child has in kindergarten are repeatedly violated and be able to react correctly and defend them.

Every child has the right to attend kindergarten. It is unlawful to refuse a place in a preschool educational institution to a small citizen of the country in the absence of registration at the place of residence.
The administration does not have the right to refuse to visit a preschool educational institution due to lack of vaccinations. Parents may completely refuse to vaccinate their child.
Employees do not have the right to prohibit children from attending physical education and music classes if they do not have a uniform. After all, the rules for wearing a uniform are just a recommendation written in the charter, but not a law.
According to internal rules, only the reception time is strictly regulated. Late children have the right not to be accepted. But parents have the right to pick up their child from kindergarten at any time, even before lunch. The main thing is that this happens no later than the established time.
The contract regulates how long the place is retained if you do not attend the child care facility (70-90 days). During this period, if there is an application from the parents, the kindergarten administration does not have the right to expel the student.
No conditions are legal when admitting children to kindergarten (for example, if the child does not go to the potty on his own or eats food only with the help of adults).

You can consult about any actions of employees of a child care institution to determine their legality. If they are confident that the rights of a preschooler have been violated, parents need to take measures to restore them.

Basic rights of a child in kindergarten

The list of fundamental rights is outlined in the Convention of the Russian Federation on the Rights of the Child; other laws also testify to the protection of rights.

A child in a preschool educational institution has the right:

to play their favorite games , education and creative development are important for a child, but no one should prohibit him from doing what he wants, at least a few hours a day.
Develop creative abilities. Development in the garden consists of conducting various kinds of developmental activities to develop thinking, logic, and speech. The child must develop comprehensively without infringing on any of his rights, and this is the task of teachers and educators.
Receive medical care. For children in preschool institutions in need of help, it must be provided without delay, effectively and in full; for this, a doctor or nurse must be present in the kindergarten at all times.
To be protected from mistreatment and all kinds of violence. Not only open sexual and physical violence is unacceptable, but also emotional violence. Shouting, swearing, insulting and humiliating children are considered violations of their rights and must be punished. This is not pedagogical; educators simply do not have the right to behave this way.
Satisfy their needs , the child has the right to go to the toilet, use only towels that are clean in the garden, and safe toys.
Eat well. The younger generation, like no one else, needs a complete healthy diet. In no case should children be given spoiled cereals or sour soups; this is also a kind of violation of the rights of defenseless children who are powerless in the face of sometimes formidable and careless teachers, in the absence of parents.

Parents, in turn, must comply with the daily routine established by the kindergarten, bring their children in the morning without delay, bring spare clean clothes, and be polite with teachers and educators. There are much fewer misunderstandings.

The state protects the life and health of children in the kindergarten

The state provides guarantees for the life and health of preschool pupils. This means that the garden must be designed and equipped taking into account safety standards.

The institution must have a medical office, where there is a medical worker who can provide first aid to the baby, as well as help cope with the first signs of illness. In addition, he can contact

parents

, if there is a reason, or call an ambulance.

If there is no such opportunity in the garden, there is a gross violation. In this case, the child’s right to health and life is neglected.

Educators are responsible for the safety of the child within the time he is in the kindergarten. If parents wish to pick up a child outside the established regime, this must be stipulated in the agreement with the preschool educational institution.

Rights and responsibilities of preschool children consultation

Consultation Rights and responsibilities of a preschool child.

A child is considered a person under the age of eighteen. From the age of eighteen a person is considered an adult.

Children, like adults, have their own rights and responsibilities.

Rights are norms and rules established and protected by the state.

Child rights are those rights and freedoms that every child should have, regardless of any differences: race, gender, language, religion, place of birth, national or social origin, property, class or other status.

Responsibilities are a certain range of actions that must be performed. For a child, this is, for example, the obligation to respect and honor adults.

Once born, the child has the right:

For citizenship, from birth he is a citizen of the state in which he lives;
First name, patronymic and last name;
Live and be raised in a family, know your parents;
To be cared for and raised by parents (or persons replacing them); to protect their rights and legitimate interests by parents (persons replacing them), guardianship and trusteeship authorities, prosecutors, and courts;
To independently apply to the guardianship and trusteeship authority for the protection of their rights;
For health protection and medical care;

For education, comprehensive development and respect for human dignity;

For rest and leisure, to participate in games and recreational activities appropriate to his age, to freely participate in cultural life and engage in the arts;

Express his opinion when resolving any issue in the family that affects his interests;
Have the right of ownership of property (received as a gift or inheritance, as well as acquired with the child’s funds).

The child has legal capacity under civil law. A bank account can be opened in the child's name.

From the age of 6, a child has the right to independently conclude:

- small household transactions;

— transactions aimed at making a profit free of charge, which do not require notarization or state registration;

- transactions for the disposal of funds provided by a legal representative or, with his consent, by a third party for a specific purpose or for free disposal.

Responsibilities.

The law does not regulate the responsibilities of preschoolers, so we can safely say that children have real responsibilities from the moment they start school, that is, as a rule, from the age of 6-7. This, of course, does not mean that preschoolers do not have any responsibilities, but these responsibilities are set for them by the parents themselves, and everything depends on the rules that have developed in a particular family. The most common responsibilities of preschoolers include:

♦ Obey parents and those in their stead, accept their care and upbringing, except in cases of neglect, cruel, rude, degrading treatment, or exploitation.

♦ At this age, some household responsibilities may be established for the child, such as cleaning his own room, helping parents with housework, and so on.

♦ Also follow the rules of behavior established in educational institutions.

Actions of parents in case of violation of children's rights in preschool educational institutions

First, you need to make sure that rights have been violated. How to do it?

Children tend to fantasize, and when asked directly: “Is Marya Ivanovna affectionate?”, they can compose a real fairy tale with war and ghosts. Although there is something to pay attention to in it.

But still, the pupil cannot determine the violation of his own rights by the employees of the child care institution. However, parents who know their child’s individual characteristics well notice changes in the child’s mood and his reluctance to go to the group.

Let's consider some ways to determine possible violations of children's rights in the kindergarten.

Conversations with other parents

From the stories of little citizens, it is quite possible to identify episodes about events with which he is pleased or not, which causes complete rejection, resentment, and fear.

Sometimes several children express dissatisfaction, based on similar facts. This is clarified during conversations with other parents in the group.

Role play at home

This is an effective way that leads to an understanding of the child’s relationships and the general situation in the group being visited. You can simply re-enact together with your child, for example, a day in kindergarten.

Let him be himself, his friend Misha, his teacher, his manager. Children tend to mirror the behavior of the people who interact with them.

By changing roles, you can learn a lot of interesting things. Of course, you can’t draw clear conclusions based on the results of the game, but it’s worth getting interested, taking notes, and trying to expand your assumptions.

By the way, parents will be able to notice their own shortcomings by asking their child or child to “be a mother.”

Puppet show

Let your favorite characters talk about kindergarten through the mouths of children and mothers. Of course, it’s worth encouraging your child to talk about something interesting, something he loves, something he likes.

But possible conflict situations that existed in reality will flash through during the construction of the fairy tale. It is unlikely that a child will be able to combine them in the absence of life experiences.

Observation

When you come to pick up your baby and find the children out for a walk, you can (this should not be embarrassing) observe from the outside the behavior of the children and teachers. Do adults actively interact with children or do they look away indifferently or (even worse) push children and shout at them?

Children’s communication with each other is also the merit (or shortcoming) of the teacher.

You cannot draw conclusions from single impressions or sensations. But if unpleasant facts are repeated, it is rather a system. This means we need to take action before it’s too late. After all, the child’s psyche is very vulnerable, the consequences can become irreversible.

Children's rights in kindergarten

Enrollment of children in kindergarten is in full swing. Kids anxiously await the beginning of the next stage of their lives - when they first cross the threshold of kindergarten and will be left without mom and dad for the whole day. A real training in independence and patience!

Parents, in turn, also wait for their child to enter kindergarten - only, as a rule, their feelings are much brighter and more multifaceted. Excitement, sadness, concern, fear - and these are just some of the emotions that parents of a future kindergartener experience. An important issue when a child enters kindergarten is also the rights of the child in kindergarten. Few parents know exactly what their child has the right to when attending kindergarten, which leads to misunderstandings and conflicts.

Basic rights of a child in kindergarten

The list of children's rights in kindergarten is formed on the basis of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, signed by almost all UN member countries. In addition, when protecting the rights of the child in our country, some legal acts are in force: the “Family Code” of the Russian Federation, the Law “On Education”, the Law “On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation”.

1. The right to education and development of the child’s physical and creative abilities

Every kindergarten should have special developmental classes. A child should not only play and walk, but also develop. To this end, every kindergarten has teachers who help the child develop both physically, creatively and mentally. If this does not happen, we can say that the rights of the child in kindergarten are being violated.

Currently in our country there is a huge network of kindergartens operating both during the daytime and around the clock. In addition, new educational programs are constantly being developed aimed at the comprehensive development of the child. In this regard, as a rule, these rights of the child in kindergarten are not violated.

2. Right to play

While focusing on the education of the child and the development of his creative abilities, we must not forget about another important right - the right to play. Play is the leading activity of a preschooler, so in kindergarten a sufficient amount of time should be allocated for play. If you come to kindergarten and see that children, instead of playing, developing activities or going for a walk, are sitting in front of the TV or, even worse, the computer, you can complain that your child’s rights are being violated in kindergarten.

3. Right to life and health

Information about the need to protect children's health is given in many legal acts - for example, the Law “On Education” states that any educational institution (including a kindergarten) must ensure the protection of the health and lives of its students. Thus, the rights of a child in kindergarten include the possibility of timely provision of necessary medical care if necessary.

Thus, if you come to a kindergarten - and are surprised to discover that the kindergarten does not have a medical office, a nurse or a first aid kit with all the medications required according to the instructions - you can complain about a violation.

4. Right to protection from all forms of ill-treatment

The concept of “abuse” includes not only outright beatings and other types of physical or sexual violence, but also emotional violence (public humiliation, insults, shouting).

Unfortunately, violations of such children’s rights in kindergartens occur all the time. Teachers consider it their sacred duty to slap a naughty child, shout at him or publicly humiliate him using swear words. If you somehow find out that any type of violence is being used against your child, contact higher authorities and urgently change the kindergarten.

5. The right to protect the interests and needs of the child

The interests and needs of the child must be given due consideration. For example, in a kindergarten, a teacher should not sit and read a book or surf the Internet while the children are left to their own devices. The implementation of these child rights in kindergarten implies the teacher’s constant attention to children and meeting their needs. If the child wants to go to the toilet, the teacher must take him to a specially designated place and sit him on the potty. The same applies to clean towels, safe toys, etc.

6. The right to nutritious food

A growing body requires complete, high-quality and sufficient nutrition. In this regard, if in kindergarten your child is given expired food, fed only cereals, or portions are too small, this is a direct violation of the child’s rights in kindergarten.

Some responsibilities and rights of a child in kindergarten are regulated by certain rules established in the kindergarten and the daily routine. Some kindergartens are strict about late arrivals, so it is better to arrive early to avoid being one of those who are turned away. To avoid annoying problems, it is better to familiarize yourself with the kindergarten’s Charter in advance and strictly follow it.

How can parents protect the rights of their child in kindergarten?

Only parents can ensure that their child’s rights are respected in kindergarten. When choosing a kindergarten for your child, make sure that this institution employs qualified personnel who are not capable of violating the rights of the child in the kindergarten and are able to provide your child with a comfortable stay and comprehensive development. To this end, you can look at reviews on the Internet, visit the kindergarten in advance and chat with the staff.

After your child enters kindergarten, you not only can, but simply must, take an interest in the internal routine of the kindergarten, the daily routine, educational standards and programs according to which classes are conducted with children. Don't be afraid to ask questions, communicate with other parents and complain if something doesn't suit you. You can start with an application addressed to the director of the kindergarten. If appropriate measures are not taken, you have every right to contact law enforcement agencies or other authorities to protect the rights of the child.

Know your child’s rights in kindergarten and know how to defend them!

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You need to talk to preschool employees correctly. Various kinds of excuses are possible on their part; find a worthy answer to them.

The parent suggested an excursion to the museum, the teacher refuses to participate, citing fatigue.
The teacher puts the baby in a corner, citing a broken cup after breakfast.
The teacher gave the boy a slap on the head, supposedly for his work, because before they could have given him a hard time, which means that such upbringing is normal.
According to the child, the teacher taped his mouth, because today such punishment has become fashionable among teachers, it is quite acceptable and not punishable for a teacher.

How to check compliance with children's rights?

Unfortunately, not a single parent can be constantly present in kindergarten next to the child in order to monitor the observance of all his rights. However, you can still check what kind of order prevails in the garden you have chosen.

At the stage of concluding an agreement with the kindergarten, ask to show you the group and introduce you to the teacher and nanny. In a group, evaluate the condition of the toilets, bedroom, number and condition of toys in the playroom. Check to see if each child has an individual locker and study the menu (it should be freely available in the group). Also pay attention to the various honor boards, corners with photographs of the children, exhibitions of their drawings and crafts - all these details indicate that children are treated with respect and interest here.

Find out how involved parents are in the process. General cleanup days, mandatory attendance at matinees and holidays, sewing costumes for competitions and making crafts together with children, on the one hand, take up parental time, on the other hand, they serve as an indicator of the openness of the garden and its interest in the development of children and strengthening family relationships.

The most important indicator for you is the condition of the child. Morning whims may be associated with early rises, but if you notice recurring complaints, bruises and marks on the child’s skin or disturbing changes in his behavior (outbursts of aggression, any unusual behavior that lasts more than two weeks after the adaptation period) - this is a reason for a visit to the kindergarten and talk with the teacher or head. Remember that despite the abundance of formal rights a child has, he cannot defend them himself, so this is entirely your area of responsibility.

Tatiana Vyvodnova

What is child abuse?

The definition of “abuse” includes beatings, sexual, emotional or physical violence (for example, yelling, insults, humiliation). In kindergartens, violations of this kind occur quite often, and teachers consider it normal to shout at children, call them ugly names, and slap them in the face. If you find out that a child’s rights are being violated (examples of such situations are common), that is, some kind of violence was used against the child, transfer him to another preschool institution.

What exactly can you not demand from your child’s teacher?

wait for you until you get home from work and pick up the child (after the end of the shift, the teacher is relieved of all responsibility for the child’s safety)
meet you halfway and allow a child with symptoms of illness into the kindergarten - runny nose, cough, fever
give any medicines or even vitamins to a child: he does not even have the right to keep medicines in kindergarten (they can only be in a health worker’s first aid kit)
give the child to brothers and sisters who are under 16 years of age
give the child to relatives, unless this is agreed in advance in writing

Child without vaccinations in kindergarten

Parents make their own decisions about the need to vaccinate their child according to the calendar. The possibility of visiting an educational institution does not depend on whether the boy received an injection or not.

The nurse does not have the authority to refuse to allow the baby to be in the group, even if he has not received any vaccinations. If this right is violated, parents can seek protection from higher authorities.

Child rights in kindergarten

A child is endowed with individual rights from the day of his birth. This is spelled out in detail in the UN Convention. Parents are obliged to monitor compliance with the prescribed laws and correctly defend their rights in the event of inadequate care for their children in preschool institutions.

Psychological comfort

While in an institution, a child has every right to comfortable conditions close to home. About 10 years ago, it was possible for a babysitter to reluctantly clean up the baby’s half-eaten porridge, with complaints and threats towards him. Today, kindergartens are modern, clean, equipped, and have all the necessary equipment for games and children’s development.

Of course, parents are more concerned about the emotional situation in institutions. It's not a matter of fancy equipment, but, first of all, relationships, respect for children, and meeting their requirements.

It is forbidden:

prohibit the baby from going to the toilet if he persistently asks for it;
threaten with refusal to go for a walk if the child does not finish the soup or spills it accidentally;
divide children into best and worst , reproaching the latter for this;
remove the child from games if he is guilty;
separate him from the rest of his classmates by seating him in a corner on a separate chair;
raise your voice, shout at the child , as well as use obscene language, counting on the fact that the children will not understand, and there are no adults or strangers in the room.

Psychological violence against children, pressure, humiliation, unfortunately, is still present in kindergartens. Parents need to deal with these problems, bring complaints to the head and, if necessary, go to the police and court.

The task of parents is to uphold the rights of children and protect them. Psychological discomfort is unacceptable; inaction, leaving problems unattended is a crime against children, you need to know and remember this.

Children's rights in kindergarten: what does the law say?

According to the laws adopted in the Russian Federation, a child has the right in a preschool educational institution to:

health , if necessary, preschool institutions should provide medical care to children.
development and realization of their creative and physical abilities in kindergarten. Teachers are required to develop children’s creative abilities, speech, and thinking, that is, conduct various classes and develop the abilities that every child has from birth.
mental peace in the team , teachers should not allow cruel treatment of children, gross physical and sexual violence against them.
There should be no emotional abuse . Remarks, threats, and offensive criticism towards one's children are unacceptable in a preschool educational institution, just as it is impossible to lie to children or deliberately isolate them from society. The method of education with raising the voice and shouting at children is considered by many to be quite normal and commonplace, but this is also a violation of the rights of the child. Impressionable children can quickly become traumatized, and psychological harm can affect them in the future.

Can parents protect children in preschool institutions?

It is parents who can and must ensure that the rights of their children in preschool educational institutions are not violated. When choosing a kindergarten, mothers and fathers are obliged to check the level of qualifications of the teachers to whom they will take their children. If, after the first visit to kindergarten, the baby is capricious at home, refuses to sleep, or cries for no reason, then a feeling of discomfort is obvious. Parents should closely monitor the baby; if after 3-4 days his behavior does not change, nervousness increases, talk to the teachers. If after the conversation nothing changes and the child refuses to go to kindergarten, look for another preschool institution for him.

Getting ready for kindergarten

Russian reality is such that enrollment in a kindergarten often begins immediately after the baby is born, but a child can only enter the institution after reaching the age of three. The reason was the increase in the birth rate, as well as the closure of many preschool educational institutions during the destruction of the USSR. To solve the problem associated with the lack of space, new gardens are being built these days, but it is not yet expected to be completely eliminated.

To protect the fundamental right of a child in kindergarten, namely the child’s ability to attend this institution, the law established the obligation of authorities to provide children with a vacant place to receive preschool education. As soon as it’s your baby’s turn to decide on a deployment, various problems arise in the family. First of all, this is due to the fact that the child is waiting for a new stage in his life, he has anxious feelings, because it is not clear what exactly will happen in a new place, where there will be no father or mother next to him. The feelings of parents who expect their child to enter a preschool institution are much brighter. They feel concern, sadness, some fear, and excitement for their future “student.”

One of the serious issues that should not fall out of the sight of parents is the rights of the child in kindergarten. Not all modern mothers and fathers have a complete understanding of them. Although ignorance sometimes gives rise to very serious mental problems, which are very difficult to correct even after a few years. The content of the child’s rights is a problem that not every father or mother thinks about, while educators can take full advantage of it.

Actions in case of violation of the rights of preschool children

Protecting the rights of the child in kindergarten is the concern of parents. When detecting misconduct on the part of employees, it is recommended to start with the simplest actions.

Talk to the teacher calmly, discuss the problem without being overly emotional. At this level, most conflicts can be resolved. If the problem is not resolved, continue actions using other authorities.
Raise the issue at a parent meeting. If necessary, invite a psychologist or social worker.
Make a written appeal to the head of the institution.
Seek help from higher state educational authorities.
File a complaint with the prosecutor's office. Parents should be familiarized with the results of the official investigation.

Important ! Children are subjects of law. According to the constitution, they have the right to honor and dignity like other citizens of the country.

Consultation for educators and parents “What rights does a child have in kindergarten?”

CONSULTATION FOR TEACHERS AND PARENTS

What rights does a child have in kindergarten?

Every little citizen, including preschoolers, has rights and state guarantees.

It happens that the rights of a child in a kindergarten may be violated, and the violators remain unpunished due to the lack of complaints from the children.

But, due to their age, they are not able to stand up for themselves. This can and must be done by parents or persons replacing them, guided by the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

Legislative framework on the rights of preschool pupils

The most important laws and documents ensuring the rights of children are:

• Constitution of the Russian Federation;

• Convention on the Rights of Children, adopted by the UN;

• Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees of Children's Rights in the Russian Federation”;

• Federal Law “On Education”;

• A number of administrative documents, instructions.

Article 3 of the UN Convention defines the primary interests of children. The importance of health and safety as well as the suitability of personnel is emphasized.

The Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees...” covers in detail the issues of free medical care and health protection (Articles 10, 12).

State guarantees are provided for the protection of children from negative factors affecting health and development (intellectual, physical, mental).

What can children in preschool educational institutions claim?

A small citizen attending a child care institution has rights, the first of which is the right to enrollment.

Enrollment in preschool educational institution

Children have the legal right to attend preschool educational institutions, and the place must be legally represented by the authorities.

• reading reviews on the Internet;

• preliminary visits;

• conversations with parents;

• communication with staff representatives.

• The agreement concluded by parents with the preschool educational institution defines the range of responsibilities and rights of parents.

Children's rights after enrollment in a preschool educational institution

The main rights of a child in a preschool educational institution, guaranteed by the state, can be divided into groups.

Rights to education and conditions for the development of creative abilities

The staff of the preschool institution, in addition to routine moments, games, walks, provide developmental activities that contribute to their mental development.

For this purpose, Federal educational standards are recommended for preschool state institutions, and special educational programs are being developed.

Important! The lack of systematic developmental activities in preschool educational institutions is a violation of children’s rights.

The “Law on Education of the Russian Federation” classifies education within preschool institutions as the first stage of primary education (the fifth principle among 10 main ones).

The right to play, rest and relaxation

It is known that the leading activity of preschool children is play. Through it, children’s creative and intellectual abilities develop and communication skills improve.

During games, communication skills develop, moral and social qualities are cultivated.

Classes should be replaced by rest and entertainment, taking into account the mood and wishes of the children. A state of severe fatigue and tension is unacceptable.

Rights to life and health

This is the basic legal guarantee on which all others are based. To ensure this, entire systems of measures, safety rules, numerous instructions, and recommendations are being developed.

Children must be provided with timely medical supervision. Health protection, free medical care, and the right to health are guaranteed by the law “On Basic Guarantees...”, Articles 10, 12.

The right to protection from ill-treatment

Humiliation, insults, undeserved punishments, and threats are absolutely not allowed.

Battery and violence (not only physical, but also emotional and sexual) are unacceptable. This issue is covered in Articles 19, 37 of the “Convention...”.

Rights to protect the interests and needs of children

To protect the range of needs and interests of preschool children, it is recommended to adhere to the following principles:

• constant attention of staff to children;

• psychological comfort;

• compliance with food standards, equipment, materials, hygiene products;

• positive microclimate of the children's institution.

Psychological comfort involves bringing the level of comfort closer to home, excluding psychological violence and humiliation. Parents have the right to attend open classes and events.

High-quality nutrition should be complete. Parents have the right to familiarize themselves daily with the menu, portions, standards, and be interested in the quality of products.

Examples of rights violations

It is necessary to know what rights a child has in kindergarten are repeatedly violated and be able to react correctly and defend them.

1. Each child has the right to attend kindergarten. It is unlawful to refuse a place in a preschool educational institution to a small citizen of the country in the absence of registration at the place of residence.

2. The administration has no right to refuse to visit a preschool educational institution due to lack of vaccinations. Parents may completely refuse to vaccinate their child.

3. Employees do not have the right to prohibit children from attending physical education and music classes if they do not have a uniform. After all, the rules for wearing a uniform are just a recommendation written in the charter, but not a law.

4. According to internal rules, only the reception time is strictly regulated. Late children have the right not to be accepted. But parents have the right to pick up their child from kindergarten at any time, even before lunch. The main thing is that this happens no later than the established time.

5. The agreement regulates how long the place is retained if you do not attend the child care facility (70-90 days). During this period, if there is an application from the parents, the kindergarten administration does not have the right to expel the student.

6. No conditions are legal when admitting children to kindergarten (for example, if the child does not go to the potty on his own or eats food only with the help of adults).

Actions of parents in case of violation of children's rights in preschool educational institutions

First, you need to make sure that rights have been violated. How to do it?

Let's consider some ways to determine possible violations of children's rights in the kindergarten.

Conversations with other parents

From the stories of little citizens, it is quite possible to identify episodes about events with which he is pleased or not, which causes complete rejection, resentment, and fear.

Sometimes several children express dissatisfaction, based on similar facts. This is clarified during conversations with other parents in the group.

Role play at home

Let him be himself, his friend Misha, his teacher, his manager. Children tend to mirror the behavior of the people who interact with them.

By the way, parents will be able to notice their own shortcomings by asking their child or child to “be a mother.”

Puppet show

Observation

Children’s communication with each other is also the merit (or shortcoming) of the teacher.

Actions in case of violation of the rights of preschool children

Protecting the rights of the child in kindergarten is the concern of parents. When detecting misconduct on the part of employees, it is recommended to start with the simplest actions.

1. Talk to the teacher calmly, discuss the problem without being overly emotional. At this level, most conflicts can be resolved. If the problem is not resolved, continue actions using other authorities.

2. Raise the issue at a parent meeting. If necessary, invite a psychologist or social worker.

3. Make a written appeal to the head of the institution.

4. Seek help from higher state educational authorities.

5. File a complaint with the prosecutor's office. Parents should be familiarized with the results of the official investigation.

Important! Children are subjects of law. According to the constitution, they have the right to honor and dignity like other citizens of the country.

Conclusion

Children, although small, are citizens. And the rights given to them from birth must be protected. Parents should more often pay attention to the emotional state of the baby in the dow in order to identify violations of rights, if any.

Protecting the rights of children in kindergarten is the responsibility of every parent!

Questions and answers

When leaving the pool located at the preschool educational institution, my child severely injured her leg, was hospitalized, and received stitches. The ladder mount is not treated with anything and is very slippery around it. Who should I complain to? Answer: Write a statement addressed to the head of your kindergarten, demand the removal of the dangerous fastening, as well as compensation for material damage if the costs of treatment are significant for you. If measures are not taken, go to court, do not forget to collect all receipts for purchased medications, and, if possible, provide testimony from witnesses.
Do preschool employees have the right to give a child to a minor relative, but with the permission of the parents? Answer: Caregivers are responsible for the child while he is in their care. Citizens under 18 years of age are not legally responsible, therefore preschool employees do not have the right to give a child to a minor, even a relative.
The teacher, trying to stop my 5-year-old child, injured his arm so much that the radius bone was broken. I was not informed about the incident. According to the results of the medical examination carried out in the garden, there was no fracture, the injury was minor. Who should I complain to and what is the penalty in my case? Answer: Submit a written statement to the police, also undergo a medical examination in court, record the injuries and their severity. Once the police have reviewed your complaint, it will be clear how you should proceed. If you refuse to initiate a case, you can go to court, hold the teacher accountable, and also demand compensation for moral and material damage.
I am a combat veteran, does my daughter have benefits when she is on the waiting list for kindergarten? Answer: Only military personnel, employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Federal Penitentiary Service, and the Federal Drug Control Service have benefits. If you are not one of them, you are not eligible for benefits.
I am a kindergarten teacher. When applying for a job, the manager promised me a voucher. In 2 years of visiting, my daughter never received a voucher. What should I do? Answer : Contact your local administration or the department related to your child care institution with an application. Still, the manager cannot personally issue vouchers; this is not her responsibility and she has no rights to do so.

Stand up for the rights of the child. Even the bravest and most experienced teachers do not have the right to traumatize children psychologically, physically, or morally. If their duties are not fulfilled, do not rush to change the kindergarten, it is unlikely to be better there. This will create certain inconveniences, because the child is already used to it, and it will be difficult for him to adapt to the new team.

Complain to the director of the kindergarten, the police, local authorities, or the board of guardians. State your claims correctly, with evidence and witnesses. Your requests will be heard and will not go unheeded. The truth is always on the side of the children and this is quite fair.

If you need assistance of a legal and reference nature (you have a complex case and you don’t know how to fill out documents, the MFC unreasonably requires additional papers and certificates or refuses altogether), then we offer free legal advice: (24 hours a day, seven days a week):

Children's rights in kindergarten 03.11.2019

Basic rights of a child in kindergarten

1. The right to education and development of the child’s physical and creative abilities

2. Right to play

3. Right to life and health

4. Right to protection from all forms of ill-treatment

The concept of “abuse” includes not only outright beatings and other types of physical or sexual violence, but also emotional violence (public humiliation, insults, shouting).

5. The right to protect the interests and needs of the child

6. The right to nutritious food

How can parents protect the rights of their child in kindergarten?

Know your child’s rights in kindergarten and know how to defend them!

Send your child to nursery from 2 months

What can you ask of a teacher as a parent?

Legislative framework on the rights of preschool pupils

Protection and implementation of children's rights in preschool educational institutions

What can children in preschool educational institutions claim?

Enrollment in preschool educational institution

The right to live

Children's rights in preschool educational institutions

Children's rights after enrollment in a preschool educational institution

Rights to education and conditions for the development of creative abilities

The right to play, rest and relaxation

Rights to life and health

The right to protection from ill-treatment

Rights to protect the interests and needs of children

Examples of rights violations

Basic rights of a child in kindergarten

The state protects the life and health of children in the kindergarten

Rights and responsibilities of preschool children consultation

Actions of parents in case of violation of children's rights in preschool educational institutions

Conversations with other parents

Role play at home

Puppet show

Observation

Children's rights in kindergarten

Basic rights of a child in kindergarten

How can parents protect the rights of their child in kindergarten?

Related Posts

Children's rights: rules of dialogue with preschool employees

How to check compliance with children's rights?

What is child abuse?

What exactly can you not demand from your child’s teacher?

Child without vaccinations in kindergarten

Child rights in kindergarten

Psychological comfort

Children's rights in kindergarten: what does the law say?

Can parents protect children in preschool institutions?

Getting ready for kindergarten

Actions in case of violation of the rights of preschool children

Consultation for educators and parents “What rights does a child have in kindergarten?”

Questions and answers

Children's rights in kindergarten 03.11.2019