Benefits for working parents of a disabled child in 2021 

The state provides a number of benefits for citizens who raise children with disabilities. Adjustments are regularly made to the list of these benefits, which is why they need to be monitored. But what benefits are provided to parents of disabled children in the current year, 2021?

First of all, it should be noted that the child’s disability must be supported by documentation - an appropriate conclusion. Conclusions on the disability of children (as well as adults) are issued by employees of the MSE (medical and social examination), a referral for which can be obtained at the district clinic at the place of residence. Also, when undergoing the examination, you will need to provide extracts from the medical history, certificates and conclusions confirming the serious condition, a statement on behalf of the parents and other documents that ITU representatives will require.

In accordance with the law, a child can be recognized as disabled if the following conditions are met:

• Severe pathologies of body functions that were caused by acquired or congenital (from birth) defects, diseases or injuries.
• The person completely (or partially) lacks the ability to live independently.

A complete list of conditions imposed on citizens is contained in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 95.

After the conclusion of the medical and social examination is received, you can begin to apply for benefits.

Link to document: “On the procedure and conditions for recognizing a person as disabled”

Who is classified as “disabled children”?

The definition of which person can be called a disabled person is legislatively enshrined in Art. 1 of the Federal Law of November 25, 1995 No. 181 “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation.” The legislator determined that a citizen who has serious health disorders resulting from injuries, existing defects or acquired diseases and leading to a persistent impairment of certain body functions, as well as limitation of life activities, falls under the category of “disabled” and needs social protection .

The concept of “limitation of life activity” includes complete and partial inability to self-care, orientation, independent movement, learning and work, and control of one’s behavior. It is possible to obtain official confirmation of existing health problems and recognition of such status based on the results of a medical and social examination, which determines the degree of disorder of body functions and establishes a disability group.

Persons under 18 years of age with health conditions defined by law are considered disabled children.

On assigning the status of “disabled child”

In accordance with the current legislation in the field of MSE, the status of a disabled child is assigned to minor citizens in the following cases:

the presence of diseases that result in persistent dysfunction of the body (health problems may be the consequences of injuries or congenital abnormalities of the child);

narrowing of the field of life activity (limitation of life processes due to complete or partial loss of the ability to self-service), for example, with orientation in space, inability to move without assistance, engage in labor activities and undergo retraining, control one’s behavior and communicate adequately;

the need to establish special measures to meet the social needs of a person with disabilities, including rehabilitation measures to restore health.

Laws on the rights of disabled children and families where they are raised

The legislation of the Russian Federation provides for protection in various spheres of life of both the child with disabilities and his parents or guardians. These rights and benefits are enshrined in many legislative acts of the Russian Federation, in particular the following:

• Federal Law of November 25, 1995 No. 181 “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation”;
• Federal Law of November 20, 1990 No. 340 “On state pensions in the Russian Federation” (Articles 17, 21, 38, 113-115);
• Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Articles 49, 54, 170);
• Housing Code of the Russian Federation (Articles 36, 39);
• Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273 “On education in the Russian Federation”;
• Law of the Russian Federation of July 16, 1992 No. 3317-1 “On personal income tax.”

The special status of disabled children and the rights and benefits arising from their inclusion in this category of persons are also enshrined in decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, decrees of the Russian government, orders of the Ministry of Health and other departmental documents.

Compensation for education of a disabled child

If there are medical indications at the request of the parents, education of a child with disabilities can be carried out at home. Tuition for the standard program is fully compensated by federal subsidies for education.

In addition to the basic load, the educational process at home is paid for by parents themselves. Receiving education in state vocational education institutions, after successfully passing entrance examinations, is carried out on a budgetary basis.

Educational benefits apply to disabled children, disabled people of the second and first groups, if such training is not contraindicated for them according to the ITU.

What rights do disabled children have?

The rights of a disabled child, the observance of which is strictly monitored by the legislator, extend to various areas of life and relate to:

• providing a 50% discount on utility bills, housing and telephone communications;
• the possibility of free purchase of medications purchased according to doctor’s prescriptions;
• spa treatment;
• provision of special means of rehabilitation, including for movement;
• free provision of sign language interpreters, special teaching aids and textbooks.

Knowing what rights a disabled child has, he and his family members should seek their observance in state and departmental authorities within whose competence this or that issue lies.

Housing benefits

Also, parents of disabled children have the right to claim a number of housing benefits. This provision is regulated from November 24, 1995. Thus, in accordance with the law, families in which there is a disabled person have the right to receive:

• Compensation (50%) for housing maintenance and payment of utilities (water supply, heat supply, electricity).
• Compensation (up to 50%) of the contribution for major repairs.
• Housing, if the family was registered as needy.
• Individual housing construction land.

What rights do parents raising disabled children have?

Families raising children with special needs are under the care of the state. Maintaining and raising a child who has received the status of a disabled person is hard work, which can be made easier by providing additional benefits and strictly observing the rights of the parents of such children.

Special rights apply to work, pensions, taxation, use of transport, housing issues and situations related to medical care. Moreover, they concern any of the parents or official guardians directly caring for a disabled child.

However, for women supporting and raising such children, the legislator has provided for separate working and retirement conditions. The rights of the mother of a disabled child, provided she raises the latter for at least eight years, are as follows:

• accounting for child care time during work experience;
• the possibility of retirement at 50 years of age with 15 years of total work experience;
• the right to work part-time or a week;
• ban on business trips and overtime work.

In addition, an employer is prohibited from reducing wages or dismissing an employee because she has a disabled child.

Benefits provided to disabled children

Every year, the list of benefits provided by the state to children with disabilities expands and acquires different monetary values. Thus, benefits for disabled children in 2021 apply to all areas of life - from the provision of free medicines to the possibility of receiving priority housing.

Pension benefits

State support for the material support of a disabled child is expressed in the form of assigning him a social pension and supplements to it. This benefit is enshrined in Federal Law No. 340 dated November 20, 1990.

Since children with serious health problems are often unable to provide for themselves, the state provides unemployed able-bodied persons who care for them with monthly compensation amounting to 60% of the minimum wage (Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 17, 1994 No. No. 551).

What transport benefits are there?

Speaking about what a disabled child has the right to in relation to the use of transport, first of all it is worth dwelling on the right to free travel on all types of public urban and suburban transport, excluding taxis. These benefits also apply to persons accompanying disabled children. Free travel is also guaranteed to the place of examination or treatment - on commuter buses and on intercity regional routes (Federal Law No. 181 of November 25, 1995).

Housing and household benefits

Living conditions for children with disabilities are provided with the following benefits:

1. The right to priority provision of housing.
2. Getting an additional 10 sq. m or a separate room for a child.

The right to additional living space does not imply payment for it in more than a single amount, taking into account the benefits provided, and such living space is not considered unnecessary.

Housing registration is carried out for children with diseases, the list of which is determined by the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and regulations of the Government of the Russian Federation.

Children with disabilities whose families have been living in a rented, communal apartment or dormitory for a long time also have the right to housing.

The basis for a family raising a disabled child to register for an apartment may also be living in the same living space with another family that has a patient with a serious illness that makes living in the same area impossible.

Benefits related to education

The question often arises about whether children with disabilities enjoy educational preferences, and if so, what preferences. For example, is a disabled child entitled to free school meals if he attends a regular general education institution?

It is worth noting that this year the state at the federal level does not regulate the issue of providing discounts or receiving completely free meals for schoolchildren, including for preferential categories of children.

You should find out about the possibility of providing free meals at school from the guardianship and trusteeship authorities or the social security department at your place of residence.

In addition, the state at the legislative level guarantees schoolchildren the opportunity to study at home and in non-state educational institutions, and gives preschoolers the right to enter kindergartens without waiting in line and attend them absolutely free.

Sanatorium-resort and medical care

Maintaining the health of disabled children in proper shape and without deterioration is ensured by the free provision of medicines, as well as the purchase of prosthetic and orthopedic products, chairs and bicycle strollers.

A disabled child and the person caring for him and accompanying him to the place of treatment can take advantage of free sanatorium vouchers. For the period required for the child’s treatment and travel to and from the place of treatment, the accompanying parent (guardian) receives a certificate of temporary incapacity for work.

Transport benefits

Also, parents of disabled children have the right to receive transport tax benefits, but only if they live in a region where such benefits are provided, because it is regional in nature. It is possible to clarify whether the corresponding benefits are provided in the region on the website of the tax authority in the section “Reference information on rates and benefits for property taxes.”

To receive a transport tax benefit, you must contact the MRIFTS with an application drawn up on a special form (it can be obtained directly from the authorized body or by downloading it from the department’s website). The application will require the following information:

• Tax authority code.
• Taxpayer information (full name, place and date of birth, passport information, contact phone number).
• Method of informing about the decision made.
• Information about the attached documentation.
• Number of sheets.
• Information about the representative - in case the documents are not submitted by the applicant himself (full name, details of the power of attorney executed at the notary's office).
• Information about the vehicle (type, make, number).
• Validity period of the benefit.
• Details of the document confirming the person’s right to receive benefits.
• Date of filing and signature of the applicant.

The application can be submitted in person, through a representative, the taxpayer’s personal account, or by mail (registered mail). The application must not contain errors, corrections or typos - otherwise this will be grounds for refusal.

Also, additional benefits may be established at the regional level (their availability must be clarified individually):

1. The right to free travel on public transport for a disabled child, as well as his accompanying person.
2. Discount on travel to the place of medical procedures (including a sanatorium).
3. Possibility of obtaining specialized transport designed to transport a child to medical and other institutions.

Read: Social taxi for disabled people

Procedure for paying child support for a child with disabilities

The law determines that disabled children can count on receiving alimony in the amount of 25% of all types of parental income. But due to the fact that a minor child with disabilities requires special care, special equipment and medical care, funds assigned in a fixed monetary amount may be collected for additional expenses. They are assigned based on a certain number of subsistence minimum amounts (regional or all-Russian).

Medical benefits

A child with health limitations has the right to receive technical means and services established in a special List, which is put into effect by regulations of the Government of the Russian Federation (the current version of the List was approved by Decree No. 2347 of December 30, 2005).

The list of such means includes 26 items, including wheelchairs, prostheses, crutches, repair of these devices, as well as rehabilitation services. Parents have the right to receive assistance from the federal budget for the following activities:

therapeutic procedures;

sanatorium-resort treatment of a child according to the profile of his disease;

surgical treatment of any level of complexity;

50% discount on medications prescribed under the rehabilitation program from the list established by the Russian government.

The legislation provides for full compensation of travel expenses to the place of treatment (therapeutic, surgical, sanatorium) not only for the child, but also for the accompanying parent. 100% compensation for travel to the place of treatment applies to all types of transport, with the exception of taxis.

Benefits are provided for a disabled person even after his death. From February 1, the amount for social benefits for funerals is indexed by a factor of 1.025 and amounts to 5740.24 rubles.

Children's specialized institutions

For the purpose of training, education and treatment of children and adolescents with various deviations in psychophysical health, a system of special correctional educational institutions has been created in the Russian Federation, which implement the functions of an educational institution: social, professional, labor, compensatory, rehabilitation and rehabilitation.

In particular, there are special groups and kindergartens, schools and boarding schools, orphanages, rehabilitation centers, and vocational schools. Depending on age and health status, as well as specific family circumstances, each child with disabilities can undergo a training and rehabilitation program in any of these institutions.

In addition to public schools, there are private schools and centers that operate at the expense of sponsors and prioritize the maximum development of self-care skills, the comprehensive development of psychophysical abilities and the provision of sociocultural assistance to children with complex disabilities. One of the features of such associations is the introduction of innovative psychological and pedagogical technologies in the rehabilitation process.

What benefits are provided for parents raising a disabled child?

Many laws and regulations of the Russian Federation are designed to make the life of parents whose children have disabilities more orderly and financially secure. They relate to the most important aspects of life: preferential treatment, travel on transport and pensions. Women raising and providing everything necessary for a child with disabilities should know that the mother of a disabled child has the right to preferences in all these areas, defined by law.

Pension benefits

As mentioned above, mothers of disabled children have the right to receive a pension from the age of 50 if they have 15 years of work experience, as well as to include the time during which the child was cared for in the work experience. During the entire time when one of the parents cared for a child with a disability group and for this reason did not work, he has the right to receive benefits in the amount of 60% of the minimum wage.

Benefits when using transport

Parents or caregivers of disabled children have the right to free travel on public city and suburban transport, excluding taxis.

This right is ensured in the presence of a uniform certificate, which is issued by social security authorities, and an identity document. The receipt of such benefits by parents of disabled children is guaranteed by Federal Law No. 181 dated November 24, 1995. The same law establishes the right to free travel for a parent accompanying a disabled child to the place of treatment and back

Benefits in the field of labor relations

The rights of parents of a disabled child at work are protected by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The law regulates the preferential labor regime for mothers with disabled children, giving them the right to part-time work and part-time work week while maintaining their wages. The legislator prohibits engaging such mothers in overtime work or sending them on business trips without their written consent. It is also illegal to refuse a job because a woman has a sick child.

Benefits also apply to maintaining a job under any circumstances for a single mother who has a dependent minor with disabilities. The only exceptions are cases of complete liquidation of the enterprise, but even then the single mother must be immediately employed.

Labor legislation provides one of the employed parents of a child with a disability with the benefit of four additional days off per month.

Preferential taxation for parents of special children

Parents of disabled children are provided with certain benefits in the field of taxation and income tax. Thus, the taxable total income is reduced by the amount of income that does not exceed three times the legally established minimum monthly wage of one of the parents who is dependent on a disabled child living with him and in need of constant care.

Obtaining this benefit is possible if you have a certificate from the housing office about the joint residence of such a child and his parents, a pension certificate, as well as a corresponding decision of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities. A medical certificate will also be required confirming the need for constant care for a special child.

“Preferential” working hours for parents of disabled children

Immediately after hiring or at the request of an employee who has a special child, the employer is obliged to establish short-term (part-time) employment for the employee. In addition, he may take part in business trips, including night work, holidays and weekends, only with the written consent of the employee.

The new work plan is drawn up in the interests of the employee. At the same time, however, remuneration is determined in a general manner.